Royer Jane E, Khan Mahfuza, Mayer David G
Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Biosecurity Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Ganakbari, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
J Econ Entomol. 2018 May 28;111(3):1197-1201. doi: 10.1093/jee/toy068.
Effective male fruit fly attractants, such as cue lure (CL) and methyl eugenol (ME), are important in the monitoring and management of pest species through lure and kill techniques of trapping and male annihilation. However, some species are only weakly responsive to these lures, making their detection and control difficult. Zeugodacus diversus (Coquillett), a pest of cucurbit flowers in Asia, is weakly attracted to ME. Recently in Australia and Papua New Guinea, the eugenol analogues isoeugenol, methyl-isoeugenol, and dihydroeugenol were found to be effective attractants for species with a weak response to ME and CL, as well as several nonresponsive species. Additionally, studies from the early 1900s indicated that Z. diversus was attracted to isoeugenol. To determine if these eugenol analogues may be more effective attractants for Z. diversus, we field tested them in Bangladesh in comparison to ME, as well as CL and zingerone. Z. diversus was significantly more attracted to all three eugenol analogues than ME, with it most attracted to methyl-isoeugenol. Its attraction to methyl-isoeugenol was 49 times greater than its attraction to ME (respective means 23.58 flies/trap/day (FTD) and 0.48 FTD). Z. diversus was also consistently trapped at methyl-isoeugenol at all trap clearances including when populations were low, whereas it was only trapped at ME at 6 out of the 13 clearances. This study demonstrates that methyl-isoeugenol is a highly attractive lure for Z. diversus and would be a valuable inclusion as an attractant in monitoring and male annihilation programs.
有效的雄性果蝇引诱剂，如诱蝇酮（CL）和甲基丁香酚（ME），在通过诱捕和雄性消灭的诱捕和杀灭技术来监测和管理害虫物种方面非常重要。然而，一些物种对这些引诱剂的反应较弱，这使得它们的检测和控制变得困难。南亚果实蝇（Zeugodacus diversus）（Coquillett）是亚洲葫芦科花卉的一种害虫，对甲基丁香酚的吸引力较弱。最近在澳大利亚和巴布亚新几内亚，发现丁香酚类似物异丁香酚、甲基异丁香酚和二氢丁香酚对那些对甲基丁香酚和诱蝇酮反应较弱的物种以及几种无反应的物种是有效的引诱剂。此外，20世纪初的研究表明南亚果实蝇对异丁香酚有吸引力。为了确定这些丁香酚类似物对南亚果实蝇是否可能是更有效的引诱剂，我们在孟加拉国进行了田间试验，将它们与甲基丁香酚以及诱蝇酮和姜辣素进行比较。与甲基丁香酚相比，南亚果实蝇对所有三种丁香酚类似物的吸引力明显更强，其中对甲基异丁香酚的吸引力最大。它对甲基异丁香酚的吸引力比对甲基丁香酚的吸引力大49倍（各自的平均值分别为23.58只果蝇/诱捕器/天（FTD）和0.48 FTD）。在所有的诱捕器间距下，包括种群数量较低时，南亚果实蝇也一直被甲基异丁香酚诱捕到，而在13个间距中的6个间距下，它仅被甲基丁香酚诱捕到。这项研究表明，甲基异丁香酚是南亚果实蝇极具吸引力的引诱剂，作为引诱剂纳入监测和雄性消灭计划将具有重要价值。
