de Sousa Arilson F M, Medeiros André R, Benitez-Flores Stefano, Del Rosso Sebastián, Stults-Kolehmainen Matthew, Boullosa Daniel A
Post-Graduation Program in Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
Bariatric Surgery Program, Yale-New Haven Hospital, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States.
Front Physiol. 2018 Mar 21;9:241. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00241. eCollection 2018.
This study aimed to: (1) investigate the influence of a 2-weeks sprint interval training (SIT) program on aerobic capacity, cardiac autonomic control, and components of attention in young healthy university students; and (2) to ascertain whether training fidelity would influence these adaptations. One hundred and nine participants were divided into an experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups. The EG performed a SIT program that consisted of 6 sessions of 4 × 30 s "all-out" efforts on a cycle ergometer, interspersed with active rests of 4 min. The criterion for fidelity was achieving >90% of estimated maximum heart rate (HR) during sprint bouts. After analyses, the EG was divided into HIGH ( = 26) and LOW ( = 46) fidelity groups. Components of attention were assessed using the Attention Network Test (ANT). Aerobic capacity (VOmax) was estimated while the sum of skinfolds was determined. Autonomic control of HR was assessed by means of HR variability (HRV) and HR complexity at rest and during ANT. Both HIGH and LOW significantly increased aerobic capacity, vagal modulation before and during ANT, and executive control, and decreased body fatness after SIT ( < 0.05). However, only participants from HIGH showed an increase in HR complexity and accuracy in ANT when compared to LOW ( < 0.05). Two weeks of SIT improved executive control, body fatness, aerobic fitness, and autonomic control in university students with better results reported in those individuals who exhibited high fidelity.
（1）调查为期两周的短跑间歇训练（SIT）计划对年轻健康大学生有氧能力、心脏自主控制和注意力成分的影响；（2）确定训练依从性是否会影响这些适应性变化。109名参与者被分为实验组（EG）和对照组（CG）。实验组进行了一项SIT计划，包括在自行车测力计上进行6次4×30秒的“全力”训练，中间穿插4分钟的主动休息。训练依从性的标准是在短跑训练期间达到估计最大心率（HR）的90%以上。分析后，实验组被分为高依从性组（=26）和低依从性组（=46）。使用注意力网络测试（ANT）评估注意力成分。估计有氧能力（VOmax），同时测定皮褶厚度总和。通过静息和ANT期间的心率变异性（HRV）和心率复杂性评估心率的自主控制。高依从性组和低依从性组在SIT后均显著提高了有氧能力、ANT前后的迷走神经调节和执行控制，并降低了体脂率（<0.05）。然而，与低依从性组相比，只有高依从性组的参与者在ANT中的心率复杂性和准确性有所增加（<0.05）。两周的SIT改善了大学生的执行控制、体脂率、有氧适能和自主控制，高依从性个体的效果更佳。
