Muflikhah Nina Difla, Artama Wayan Tunas
Departement of Parasitology, Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata, Kediri, Indonesia.
Departement of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Afr J Infect Dis. 2018 Mar 7;12(1 Suppl):76-82. doi: 10.2101/Ajid.12v1S.11. eCollection 2018.
Toxoplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by protozoan parasite called . is an intracellular protozoan parasite belong to phylum Apicomplexa, is an obligate parasite in mammals. The active proliferating trophozoites or tachyzoites are usually seen in the acute stage of infection, while the resting bradyzoites formed tissue cysts are primary found in muscle and brain. Human infection occurs mainly by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocyst or eating an undercook meat containing tissue cyst. Human might be infected via blood transfusion, organ transplantation or transplacenta transmission. Schizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disease of the central nervous system, which contributing to behavioral changes which may resulted in higher risk to infection. The purpose of this study were to know difference of seroprevalence and risk factor of toxoplasmosis between schizophrenia group and control group.
Serum sample were collected 94 among schizophrenia patient at Grhasia Hospital and 64 normal population (control group). Antibody IgG of was measured using ELISA method (Enzym Link Immnusorbent Assay) and questionnaires were used to collect risk factor data among the respondent.
The seroprevalence antibody IgG of patient with schizophrenia (69.14%) higher than control group (65.625%), but not significantly different (p>0.05). There was an association between some of risk factor with seropositive of toxoplasmosis in both group. In schizophrenia group, risk factor that associated with toxoplasmosis are uncooked meat consumption, contact with uncooked meat and soil, handwashing habit, uncooked water consumption, and water source. In control group, risk factor that associated are having cattles/pet, undercook meat consumption, and water source.
This finding have shown seroprevalence of schizophrenia group higher than non-schizophrenia group and risk factor which associated with toxoplasmosis was different between two groups.
弓形虫病是一种由名为弓形虫的原生动物寄生虫引起的传染病。弓形虫是一种属于顶复门的细胞内原生动物寄生虫，是哺乳动物中的专性寄生虫。活跃增殖的滋养体或速殖子通常见于感染急性期，而形成组织囊肿的静止缓殖子主要在肌肉和大脑中发现。人类感染主要通过摄入被卵囊污染的食物或水，或食用含有组织囊肿的未煮熟肉类。人类也可能通过输血、器官移植或胎盘传播而感染。精神分裂症是一种复杂的中枢神经系统神经精神疾病，其导致的行为变化可能会增加感染弓形虫的风险。本研究的目的是了解精神分裂症组和对照组之间弓形虫病血清阳性率及危险因素的差异。
收集了格拉西亚医院94例精神分裂症患者和64例正常人群（对照组）的血清样本。采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA法）检测弓形虫抗体IgG，并通过问卷调查收集受访者的危险因素数据。
精神分裂症患者的弓形虫抗体IgG血清阳性率（69.14%）高于对照组（65.625%），但差异无统计学意义（p>0.05）。两组中一些危险因素与弓形虫血清阳性之间存在关联。在精神分裂症组中，与弓形虫病相关的危险因素有食用生肉、接触生肉和土壤、洗手习惯、饮用生水和水源。在对照组中，相关危险因素有饲养牛/宠物、食用未煮熟肉类和水源。
本研究结果显示精神分裂症组的血清阳性率高于非精神分裂症组，且两组中与弓形虫病相关的危险因素不同。
