Alvarado-Esquivel Cosme, Urbina-Álvarez Jesús David, Estrada-Martínez Sergio, Torres-Castorena Alejandro, Molotla-de-León Gabriel, Liesenfeld Oliver, Dubey Jitender P
Faculty of Medicine, Juárez University of Durango State, Avenida Universidad S/N esquina Fanny Anitua, 34000 Durango, Dgo, Mexico.
Parasitol Int. 2011 Jun;60(2):151-5. doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2010.12.003. Epub 2011 Feb 1.
There are conflicting reports concerning the association of Toxoplasma gondii infection and schizophrenia in humans. Therefore, we determined such association in a Mexican population of Mestizo ethnicity. Through a case-control study design, 50 schizophrenic patients and 150 control subjects matched by gender, age, residence place, and ethnicity were examined with enzyme-linked immunoassays for the presence and levels of T. gondii IgG antibodies and for the presence of T. gondii IgM antibodies. Schizophrenic patients attended a public psychiatric hospital in Durango City, Mexico, and the control group consisted of individuals of the general population of the same city. Socio-demographic, clinical and behavioral characteristics from the study subjects were also obtained. Both the seroprevalence and the level of T.gondii IgG antibodies were higher in schizophrenic patients (10/50; 20%) than in control subjects (8/150; 5.3%) (OR=4.44; 95% CI: 1.49-13.37; P=0.003). The IgG T. gondii levels higher than 150 IU/ml were more frequently observed in patients than in controls (10% versus 2%, respectively; P=0.02). One (50%) of the two patients with recently diagnosed schizophrenia and none of the controls had T. gondii IgM antibodies (P=0.01). T. gondii seropositivity was significantly higher in patients with a history of cleaning cat excrement (P=0.005), and suffering from simple schizophrenia (ICD-10 classification: F20.6) (P=0.03) than patients without these characteristics. Toxoplasma seroprevalence was also significantly higher in patients with simple schizophrenia (F20.6) than in those with paranoid schizophrenia (F20.0) (P=0.02). This study provides elements to clarify the controversial information on the association of T. gondii infection and schizophrenia.
关于人类弓形虫感染与精神分裂症之间的关联，存在相互矛盾的报道。因此，我们在墨西哥混血种族人群中确定了这种关联。通过病例对照研究设计，对50名精神分裂症患者和150名按性别、年龄、居住地点和种族匹配的对照受试者进行了酶联免疫测定，以检测弓形虫IgG抗体的存在和水平以及弓形虫IgM抗体的存在情况。精神分裂症患者来自墨西哥杜兰戈市的一家公立精神病医院，对照组由该市普通人群中的个体组成。还获取了研究对象的社会人口学、临床和行为特征。精神分裂症患者的弓形虫IgG抗体血清阳性率和水平（10/50；20%）均高于对照受试者（8/150；5.3%）（OR = 4.44；95% CI：1.49 - 13.37；P = 0.003）。患者中弓形虫IgG水平高于150 IU/ml的情况比对照组更常见（分别为10%和2%；P = 0.02）。两名近期诊断为精神分裂症的患者中有一名（50%）有弓形虫IgM抗体，而对照组中无人有该抗体（P = 0.01）。有清理猫粪便史的患者（P = 0.005）以及患有单纯型精神分裂症（国际疾病分类第十版：F20.6）的患者（P = 0.03）的弓形虫血清阳性率显著高于无这些特征的患者。单纯型精神分裂症（F20.6）患者的弓形虫血清阳性率也显著高于偏执型精神分裂症（F20.0）患者（P = 0.02）。本研究为澄清关于弓形虫感染与精神分裂症关联的争议性信息提供了依据。
