Kramer Kyle J, Brady Jason W
Department of Oral Surgery and Hospital Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 550 North University Boulevard, Room UH3143, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Department of Dental Anesthesia, NYU Langone Hospital, 150 55th Street, Brooklyn, NY 11220, USA; Division of Endodontics, Orthodontics and General Practice Residency, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, 925 West 34th Street, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am. 2018 May;30(2):155-164. doi: 10.1016/j.coms.2018.01.003.
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons have a variety of anesthetic agents that can be used to provide anesthesia safely and efficiently in the office-based environment. However, it is critical to have a thorough understanding of the particulars for each agent. Commonly used anesthetic agents, administered either individually or in combination, include diazepam, midazolam, propofol, ketamine, opioid agonists such as fentanyl or remifentanil, dexmedetomidine, and inhalational agents, including nitrous oxide and sevoflurane. These agents help provide extreme flexibility for those creating an individualized anesthetic plan that also balances the patient's history and the anticipated surgical plan to maximize success.
口腔颌面外科医生有多种麻醉剂，可用于在门诊环境中安全有效地实施麻醉。然而，全面了解每种麻醉剂的具体情况至关重要。常用的麻醉剂，单独使用或联合使用，包括地西泮、咪达唑仑、丙泊酚、氯胺酮、阿片类激动剂如芬太尼或瑞芬太尼、右美托咪定，以及吸入剂，包括氧化亚氮和七氟烷。这些麻醉剂为制定个性化麻醉计划的医生提供了极大的灵活性，该计划还能平衡患者的病史和预期的手术计划，以实现最大程度的成功。
