Uz Aysun
Department of Anatomy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Neuroscience, Ankara University Graduate School of Health Science, Ankara, Turkey.
Neurosurg Rev. 2019 Mar;42(1):155-161. doi: 10.1007/s10143-018-0972-y. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
There are still different descriptions of the segmentation of the posterior cerebral artery, although there is a radiological and anatomical consensus on the segmentation of the anterior and the middle cerebral artery. This study aims to define the most appropriate localization for origin and end points of the segments through reviewing the segmentation of the posterior cerebral artery. The segments and the cortical branches originating from those segments of the 40 posterior cerebral arteries of 20 cadaver brains were examined under operating microscope. In this research, the P, P, P, P, and P classification of the segmentation of the posterior cerebral artery is redefined. This redefinition was made to overcome the complexities of previous definitions. The P segment in this research takes its origin from the basilar tip and ends at the junction with the posterior communicating artery. The average diameter of this segment at the origin was 2.21 mm (0.9-3.3), and the average length was 6.8 mm (3-12). The P segment extends from the junction with the posterior communicating artery to the origin of the lateral temporal trunk. This point usually situates on one level of posterior of the cerebral peduncle. The average diameter of this segment at the origin was 2.32 mm (1.3-3.1), and the average length was 20.1 mm (11-26). The P segment extends from the origin of the lateral temporal trunk to the colliculus where both the posterior cerebral arteries are the nearest to each other (quadrigeminal point) and is located at the anterior-inferior of the splenium. The average diameter of this segment at the origin was 1.85 mm (1.2-2.7), and the average length was 16.39 mm (9-28). The P begins at the quadrigeminal point and ends at the top of the cuneus. The average diameter of this segment at the origin was 1.55 mm (1.1-2.2). While the P segment is named as the terminal branches of the major terminal branches of the posterior cerebral artery, no definite border was found between the P and the P segments. In this study, the segmentation of the posterior cerebral artery, developed by Krayenbühl and Yaşargil, was redefined to be more appropriate for radiological and anatomical purposes.
尽管大脑前动脉和大脑中动脉的分段在放射学和解剖学上已达成共识，但大脑后动脉的分段仍存在不同描述。本研究旨在通过回顾大脑后动脉的分段来确定各段起点和终点的最合适定位。在手术显微镜下检查了20具尸体大脑的40条大脑后动脉的各段及其发出的皮质支。在本研究中，对大脑后动脉分段的P1、P2、P3、P4和P5分类进行了重新定义。此次重新定义是为了克服先前定义的复杂性。本研究中的P1段起自基底动脉顶端，止于与后交通动脉的交界处。该段起点处的平均直径为2.21mm（0.9 - 3.3），平均长度为6.8mm（3 - 12）。P2段从与后交通动脉的交界处延伸至颞叶外侧干的起点。这一点通常位于大脑脚后部的同一水平。该段起点处的平均直径为2.32mm（1.3 - 3.1），平均长度为20.1mm（11 - 26）。P3段从颞叶外侧干的起点延伸至两侧大脑后动脉最靠近处（四叠体点）的丘状体，位于压部的前下方。该段起点处的平均直径为1.85mm（1.2 - 2.7），平均长度为16.39mm（9 - 28）。P4段始于四叠体点，止于楔叶顶部。该段起点处的平均直径为1.55mm（1.1 - 2.2）。虽然P5段被命名为大脑后动脉主要终末支的终末分支，但在P4段和P5段之间未发现明确界限。在本研究中，由克莱恩布尔和亚萨吉尔提出的大脑后动脉分段被重新定义，使其在放射学和解剖学方面更适用。
