Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
J Neuroendocrinol. 2018 Jul;30(7):e12597. doi: 10.1111/jne.12597.
At the turn of the millennium, a neuropeptide with pronounced inhibitory actions on avian pituitary gonadotrophin secretion was identified and named gonadotrophin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH). Across bird species, GnIH acts at the level of the pituitary and the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neuronal system to inhibit reproduction. Subsequent to this initial discovery, orthologues of GnIH have been identified and characterised across a broad range of species. In many vertebrates, the actions of GnIH and its orthologues serve functional roles analogous to those seen in birds. In other cases, GnIH and its orthologues exhibit more diverse actions dependent on sex, species, season and reproductive condition. The present review highlights the discovery and functional implications of GnIH across species, focusing on research domains in which the significance of this neuropeptide has been explored most.
在千禧年之交，一种对禽类脑垂体促性腺激素分泌具有显著抑制作用的神经肽被鉴定出来，并被命名为促性腺激素抑制激素（GnIH）。在各种鸟类中，GnIH 在脑垂体和促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）神经元系统水平发挥作用，抑制生殖。在这一初步发现之后，GnIH 的同源物已在广泛的物种中被鉴定和描述。在许多脊椎动物中，GnIH 及其同源物的作用具有与鸟类相似的功能作用。在其他情况下，GnIH 和其同源物表现出更多样化的作用，取决于性别、物种、季节和生殖状况。本综述强调了 GnIH 在不同物种中的发现和功能意义，重点介绍了该神经肽的意义在哪些研究领域得到了最深入的探索。
