Lugowska Iwona, Teterycz Pawel, Rutkowski Piotr
Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Institute - Oncology Center, Warsaw, Poland.
Contemp Oncol (Pozn). 2018 Mar;22(1A):61-67. doi: 10.5114/wo.2018.73889. Epub 2018 Mar 5.
The immunotherapy is currently changing the landscape of oncology. Nowadays the standard of care in metastatic or unresectable melanoma patients include immunomodulating modalities such as anti-PD-1 drugs (nivolumab, pembrolizumab) and anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab. The improvements of progression free survival and overall survival connected with those treatments were unprecedented and have been confirmed in stage III trials. The efficacy of immunotherapy in metastatic setting can be further upgraded in some groups of patients by combining both types of antibodies. Latest clinical data suggest that treatment with immunotherapy can be also favorable for patients in adjuvant setting. Other treatment approaches based on immunological response (e.g. oncolytic viruses or adoptive cell therapy) have been proven useful in specific clinical situations. The future of melanoma treatment is still evolving, new molecular targets are being invented and hopefully current endeavors will led to further improvement of patients' survival. This review aims to summarize current state of immunotherapy in melanoma and identifying possible directions of development.
免疫疗法目前正在改变肿瘤学的格局。如今，转移性或不可切除黑色素瘤患者的标准治疗包括免疫调节方法，如抗PD-1药物（纳武单抗、派姆单抗）和抗CTLA-4抗体伊匹单抗。与这些治疗相关的无进展生存期和总生存期的改善是前所未有的，并已在III期试验中得到证实。通过联合使用这两种抗体，免疫疗法在转移性患者中的疗效在某些患者群体中可以进一步提高。最新临床数据表明，免疫疗法在辅助治疗中对患者也可能有益。其他基于免疫反应的治疗方法（如溶瘤病毒或过继性细胞疗法）已在特定临床情况下被证明是有用的。黑色素瘤治疗的未来仍在不断发展，新的分子靶点正在被发现，希望目前的努力将进一步提高患者的生存率。本综述旨在总结黑色素瘤免疫疗法的现状，并确定可能的发展方向。
