Erdenebileg Zolzaya, Park So Hyun, Chang Kyung Ja
Department of Food and Nutrition, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Nam-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea.
Nutr Res Pract. 2018 Apr;12(2):149-159. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.2.149. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: College students are in transition from adolescence to adulthood, and it has been reported that they show poor dietary habits. This study was conducted to compare body image perception, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, dietary habits, and health-related lifestyles between Korean college students (KCS) and Mongolian college students (MCS).
SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were 314 KCS and 280 MCS. The data includes results of self-administered questionnaires; statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 program.
With regards to body image perception, KCS perceived themselves to be fatter on current body image than ideal body image compared to MCS; 64.0% of KCS and 34.6% of MCS desired to be thinner. Total score of nutrition knowledge in KCS (17.0) was significantly higher compared to MCS (8.4) ( < 0.001), but total score of dietary attitudes in KCS (27.0) was significantly lower compared to MCS (31.2) ( < 0.001). Nutrition knowledge had a significantly positive correlation with dietary attitudes in MCS ( < 0.01). Meal consumption among male and female subjects was 2 and 3 times, respectively, in order in KCS, and 3 and 2 times, respectively, in order in MCS ( < 0.001). Rate of skipping breakfast in both genders was significantly higher in KCS than in MCS (male: < 0.05, female: < 0.001). In health-related lifestyles, KCS had a significantly higher rate in frequency of alcohol drinking ( < 0.001), exercise ( < 0.01), and mobile phone usage ( < 0.001), compared to MCS.
This study suggests that development of nutrition education program which is effective and proper is required to improve healthy dietary habits among college students of both countries. Essential contents should include acquirement of nutrition knowledge and a motivation for its application to actual life for KCS, and improvement of healthy dietary habits for MCS.
背景/目的：大学生正处于从青少年向成年人的过渡阶段，据报道他们的饮食习惯较差。本研究旨在比较韩国大学生（KCS）和蒙古大学生（MCS）在身体形象认知、营养知识、饮食态度、饮食习惯以及与健康相关的生活方式等方面的差异。
对象/方法：研究对象为314名韩国大学生和280名蒙古大学生。数据来自自填式问卷的结果；使用SPSS 23.0程序进行统计分析。
在身体形象认知方面，与蒙古大学生相比，韩国大学生认为自己当前的身体形象比理想身体形象更胖；64.0%的韩国大学生和34.6%的蒙古大学生希望变瘦。韩国大学生的营养知识总分（17.0）显著高于蒙古大学生（8.4）（P<0.001），但韩国大学生的饮食态度总分（27.0）显著低于蒙古大学生（31.2）（P<0.001）。在蒙古大学生中，营养知识与饮食态度呈显著正相关（P<0.01）。在韩国大学生中，男性和女性的用餐次数分别为2次和3次，而在蒙古大学生中，男性和女性的用餐次数分别为3次和2次（P<0.001）。韩国大学生中男女不吃早餐的比例均显著高于蒙古大学生（男性：P<0.05，女性：P<0.001）。在与健康相关的生活方式方面，与蒙古大学生相比，韩国大学生在饮酒频率（P<0.001）、锻炼（P<0.01）和手机使用频率（P<0.001）方面的比例显著更高。
本研究表明，需要制定有效且合适的营养教育计划，以改善两国大学生的健康饮食习惯。对于韩国大学生，基本内容应包括获取营养知识以及将其应用于实际生活的动机；对于蒙古大学生，则应包括改善健康饮食习惯。
