韩国和中国产后女性营养知识与饮食行为的比较研究
A comparative study on nutritional knowledge and dietary behavior between Korean and Chinese postpartum women.
作者信息
Kim Sohyun, Gray Heewon L, Li Jia, Park Haeryun, Lee Youngmi, Song Kyunghee
机构信息
Department of Food and Nutrition, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17058, Korea.
Department of Community and Family Health, University of South Florida 13201, Florida, USA.
出版信息
Nutr Res Pract. 2019 Dec;13(6):535-542. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.6.535. Epub 2019 Nov 21.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Proper nutrition intake during pregnancy and lactation is very important to both mothers and babies. Pregnant women should maintain proper nutritional status to restore decreased physical strength due to pregnancy and childbirth and produce breastmilk for the growth and development of the baby. Recently, the number of Chinese people living in Korea has increased as the exchange between Korea and China becomes active. It is important to provide proper nutrition education for pregnant women of both countries considering cultural differences.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects of this study were postpartum women in Gyeonggi, South Korea and Jinhua, China. The subjects were 20-45 years old less than six months after childbirth. A survey, using self-administered questionnaires, was conducted from October 2018 to January 2019. For data analysis, 221 Korean postpartum women (KPW) and 221 Chinese postpartum women (CPW) questionnaires were used.
RESULTS
KPW had significantly higher nutritional knowledge score and dietary attitude score than CPW ( < 0.001). However, overall score for dietary habits was significantly higher in CPW compared to KPW ( < 0.001). In KPW, nutritional knowledge ( < 0.01) and dietary attitude ( < 0.001) had significantly positive correlations with dietary habits. The proportions of KPW and CPW who answered that they had experience of nutrition education were 28.5% and 80.1% ( < 0.001). The score for dietary habits was lower as the hours for watching TV and using mobile phone became longer in postpartum women of both countries, with significant differences in KPW ( < 0.001) and CPW ( < 0.05). In KPW, the score for dietary habits in postpartum women with exercise experience was significantly higher than that in postpartum women without exercise experience ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
More pregnancy-related nutrition education should be provided and various and effective nutrition education programs, which not only transfer information but can be practiced in the actual life, should be developed.
背景/目的：孕期和哺乳期摄入适当营养对母亲和婴儿都非常重要。孕妇应保持适当的营养状况，以恢复因怀孕和分娩而下降的体力，并为婴儿的生长发育分泌乳汁。近年来，随着韩中交流日益活跃，在韩居住的中国人数量有所增加。考虑到文化差异，为两国孕妇提供适当的营养教育十分重要。
对象/方法：本研究的对象是韩国京畿道和中国金华的产后女性。研究对象年龄在20至45岁之间，产后未满6个月。2018年10月至2019年1月，采用自填式问卷进行了一项调查。数据分析采用221份韩国产后女性（KPW）和221份中国产后女性（CPW）的问卷。
结果
韩国产后女性的营养知识得分和饮食态度得分显著高于中国产后女性（<0.001）。然而，中国产后女性饮食习惯的总体得分显著高于韩国产后女性（<0.001）。在韩国产后女性中，营养知识（<0.01）和饮食态度（<0.001）与饮食习惯呈显著正相关。回答有过营养教育经历的韩国产后女性和中国产后女性的比例分别为28.5%和80.1%（<0.001）。两国产后女性的饮食习惯得分均随着看电视和使用手机时间的延长而降低，韩国产后女性差异显著（<0.001），中国产后女性差异显著（<0.05）。在韩国产后女性中，有运动经历的产后女性饮食习惯得分显著高于无运动经历的产后女性（<0.001）。
结论
应提供更多与孕期相关的营养教育，并开发各种有效且能在实际生活中践行的营养教育项目，而非仅仅传授信息。
Zotero 插件