Gould Nicholas S, Xu Bingjun
Catalysis Center for Energy Innovation , Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Delaware , 150 Academy St. , Newark , DE , USA 19716 . Email:
Chem Sci. 2017 Nov 16;9(2):281-287. doi: 10.1039/c7sc03728g. eCollection 2018 Jan 14.
Due to the low volatility and highly oxygenated nature of biomass derived feedstocks, biomass upgrade reactions are frequently conducted in the presence of solvent to improve substrate mass transfer to the catalyst surface. However, relevant catalyst characterization techniques are most often performed in vacuum or inert gas environments, where the effect of solvent on the catalytic sites is ignored. Comparatively, characterization techniques in the presence of solvent are relatively rare, which poses challenges in developing structure-activity relationships for liquid phase reactions. In this perspective, commonly utilized techniques for probing the solid-liquid interface are briefly covered, with a focus on the role of solvent on zeolite and solid acid catalysis. New applications of techniques are proposed, most notably with ATR-FTIR, in the context of extracting thermodynamic information for the further understanding of the role of solvent on broadly applicable catalyst properties, such as acidity, and to develop structure-activity relationships for solid catalysts in solvent.
由于生物质衍生原料挥发性低且含氧量高，生物质升级反应通常在溶剂存在的情况下进行，以改善底物向催化剂表面的传质。然而，相关的催化剂表征技术大多在真空或惰性气体环境中进行，其中溶剂对催化位点的影响被忽略。相比之下，在溶剂存在下的表征技术相对较少，这给建立液相反应的构效关系带来了挑战。从这个角度出发，简要介绍了用于探测固液界面的常用技术，重点是溶剂对沸石和固体酸催化的作用。提出了这些技术的新应用，最值得注意的是衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（ATR-FTIR），其目的是提取热力学信息，以进一步了解溶剂对广泛适用的催化剂性质（如酸度）的作用，并建立溶剂中固体催化剂的构效关系。
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