Tedla Mebrahtu, Mehari Feven, Kebede Hassen
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O.box:196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O.box:196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
BMC Res Notes. 2018 Apr 10;11(1):236. doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3347-0.
This study was conducted with the objective of estimating the incidence of major dairy health problems in the area.
From a cross-sectional survey (n = 475) and follow up study (n = 68), an overall incidence of 43.00 and 29.02% was reported respectively. This study showed biting fly (9.51%), respiratory problems (7.80%), mastitis (5.13%), actinomycosis (5.12%), dystocia (4.42%), endoparasites (3.81%), retention fetal membrane (3.63%), tick infestation (2.91%), lameness (2.94%), vaginal and uterine prolepses (2.51%), skin related problem (1.70%) and abortion (1.70%) were the main dairy health problems identified. In addition, the follow up study revealed; retention fetal membrane (5.91%), tick infestation (5.91%), respiratory problem (2.91%), mastitis (2.94%), endoparasites (2.94%), lameness (2.94%), dystocia (2.94%), actinomycosis (1.53%) and skin related problems (1.53%). The incidence of dairy reproductive problems showed statistically significant variation among local and cross breeds (P < 0.05). Incidence of infectious diseases among dairy cows managed under intensive and semi-intensive management systems showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). Moreover, incidence of physical injury was also showed a significant difference among animal breeds and management system (P < 0.05). However, reproductive problems among management system and infectious diseases among breeds showed a significant difference (P > 0.05). Overall, this study showed dairy animals are exposed to various type of diseases.
本研究旨在估算该地区主要奶牛健康问题的发生率。
通过横断面调查（n = 475）和随访研究（n = 68），分别报告的总体发生率为43.00%和29.02%。本研究表明，叮咬蝇（9.51%）、呼吸道问题（7.80%）、乳腺炎（5.13%）、放线菌病（5.12%）、难产（4.42%）、体内寄生虫（3.81%）、胎膜滞留（3.63%）、蜱虫感染（2.91%）、跛行（2.94%）、阴道和子宫脱垂（2.51%）、皮肤相关问题（1.70%）和流产（1.70%）是所确定的主要奶牛健康问题。此外，随访研究还显示；胎膜滞留（5.91%）、蜱虫感染（5.91%）、呼吸道问题（2.91%）、乳腺炎（2.94%）、体内寄生虫（2.94%）、跛行（2.94%）、难产（2.94%）、放线菌病（1.53%）和皮肤相关问题（1.53%）。奶牛繁殖问题的发生率在本地品种和杂交品种之间存在统计学显著差异（P < 0.05）。在集约化和半集约化管理系统下饲养的奶牛中，传染病的发生率存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。此外，身体损伤的发生率在动物品种和管理系统之间也存在显著差异（P < 0.05）。然而，管理系统中的繁殖问题和品种中的传染病之间存在显著差异（P > 0.05）。总体而言，本研究表明奶牛易患各种类型的疾病。
