Research Center in Mind, Brain and Behavior, Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Int J Psychol. 2019 Aug;54(4):423-430. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12485. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Differences between groups in socio-economic status (SES) are becoming more salient nowadays. In this context, we examined the animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization that both low and high-SES groups may experience respectively by conducting three studies. In study 1, we manipulated the SES of two fictitious groups (low vs. high-SES) and measured the humanity ascribed to them. Results showed that the low-SES group was animalized in comparison with the high-SES group, which was mechanized. In study 2, we manipulated the humanity of two fictitious groups by describing them as animals or machines and measured the perceived SES of the groups. Participants tended to attribute lower SES to the group described as animals and higher SES to the group described as machines. Finally, in study 3, we used an Implicit Association Test to replicate the results of studies 1 and 2. Taken together, these studies show that low-SES groups are considered as animal-like whereas high-SES groups are seen as robot-like. We discuss the implications of these findings in relation to the justification of income inequality within our society.
当今，社会经济地位（SES）方面的群体差异变得更加明显。在此背景下，我们通过三项研究分别考察了低 SES 和高 SES 群体可能经历的动物性和机械化去人性化。在研究 1 中，我们操纵了两个虚构群体（低 SES 和高 SES）的 SES，并测量了他们被赋予的人性。结果表明，与高 SES 群体相比，低 SES 群体被动物化，而高 SES 群体被机械化。在研究 2 中，我们通过将两个虚构群体描述为动物或机器来操纵他们的人性，并测量了群体的感知 SES。参与者倾向于将 SES 较低的群体描述为动物，将 SES 较高的群体描述为机器。最后，在研究 3 中，我们使用内隐联想测验复制了研究 1 和 2 的结果。综上所述，这些研究表明，低 SES 群体被视为类动物，而高 SES 群体则被视为类机器人。我们讨论了这些发现与我们社会中收入不平等合理化的关系。
