School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, State University of New York (SUNY) at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Psychophysiology. 2018 Sep;55(9):e13084. doi: 10.1111/psyp.13084. Epub 2018 Apr 6.
Recent research has identified individual differences in interoceptive sensitivity as a key source of variation in action, cognition, and emotion. This research has relied heavily on a single method for assessing interoceptive sensitivity: the accuracy of counting heartbeats while at rest. The validity of this method was assessed here by comparing the heartbeat counting (HBC) performance of 48 individuals with their heartbeat detection (HBD) performance. The HBC task required participants to report the numbers of heartbeats counted during brief signaled periods and indexed cardioceptive accuracy by the difference between the numbers of reported and actual heartbeats. In the HBD task, participants indicated the temporal location of heartbeat sensations relative to the onset of ventricular contraction. On each trial, they judged whether heartbeat sensations were or were not simultaneous with brief tones presented at one of six fixed delays following R waves of the ECG. In this method, cardioceptive accuracy or precision was indexed by variability in the temporal locations, relative to the R wave, of tones judged to be simultaneous with heartbeat sensations. Although intratask correlations indicated that each method yielded reliable scores, intertask correlations showed that HBC scores were unrelated to HBD scores. These results, which indicate that heartbeat detection and heartbeat counting are distinct processes, raise important questions about the assessment of interoceptive sensitivity and the involvement of this attribute in the psychological processes that have been associated with it on the basis of their correlations with HBC performance.
最近的研究已经确定，个体在内部感觉敏感性方面的差异是行为、认知和情感变化的一个关键来源。这项研究主要依赖于一种单一的方法来评估内部感觉敏感性：在休息时准确地数心跳。这里通过比较 48 个人的心跳计数（HBC）表现和他们的心跳检测（HBD）表现来评估这种方法的有效性。HBC 任务要求参与者在短暂的有信号期间报告数心跳，并通过报告的心跳数与实际心跳数之间的差异来索引心脏感知的准确性。在 HBD 任务中，参与者根据心室收缩开始时的相对时间位置来指示心跳感觉的时间位置。在每次试验中，他们判断心跳感觉是否与在 ECG 的 R 波之后六个固定延迟中的一个呈现的短暂声音同时发生。在这种方法中，心脏感知的准确性或精度通过相对于 R 波的声音时间位置的可变性来索引，这些声音被判断为与心跳感觉同时发生。尽管任务内相关性表明每种方法都能产生可靠的分数，但任务间相关性表明 HBC 分数与 HBD 分数无关。这些结果表明，心跳检测和心跳计数是不同的过程，这就提出了关于内部感觉敏感性评估的重要问题，以及基于与 HBC 表现的相关性而将其与心理过程联系起来的这种属性的参与问题。
