Marcinková Mária, Straka Ľubomír, Novomeský František, Janík Martin, Štuller František, Krajčovič Jozef
Soud Lek. 2018 Spring;63(1):2-5.
Massive progress in developing even more precise imaging modalities influenced all medical branches including the forensic medicine. In forensic anthropology, an inevitable part of forensic medicine itself, the use of all imaging modalities becomes even more important. Despite of acquiring more accurate informations about the deceased, all of them can be used in the process of identification and/or age estimation. X - ray imaging is most commonly used in detecting foreign bodies or various pathological changes of the deceased. Computed tomography, on the other hand, can be very helpful in the process of identification, whereas outcomes of this examination can be used for virtual reconstruction of living objects. Magnetic resonance imaging offers new opportunities in detecting cardiovascular pathological processes or develompental anomalies. Ultrasonography provides promising results in age estimation of living subjects without excessive doses of radiation. Processing the latest information sources available, authors introduce the application examples of X - ray imaging, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography in everyday forensic medicine routine, with particular focusing on forensic anthropology.
在开发更精确的成像方式方面取得的巨大进展影响了包括法医学在内的所有医学分支。在法医人类学(法医学本身不可分割的一部分)中,所有成像方式的应用变得更加重要。尽管能获取有关死者的更准确信息,但所有这些信息都可用于身份识别和/或年龄估计过程。X射线成像最常用于检测死者体内的异物或各种病理变化。另一方面,计算机断层扫描在身份识别过程中非常有用,而该检查的结果可用于对活体进行虚拟重建。磁共振成像在检测心血管病理过程或发育异常方面提供了新机会。超声检查在对活体进行年龄估计且无过量辐射的情况下取得了有前景的结果。作者梳理了现有的最新信息来源,介绍了X射线成像、计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像和超声检查在日常法医工作中的应用实例,尤其侧重于法医人类学。