Rosman K J R, Chisholm W, Boutron C F, Candelone J P, Görlach U
Nature. 1993 Mar 25;362(6418):333-335. doi: 10.1038/362333a0.
IN 1969, Murozumi et al. demonstrated that the concentration of lead in Greenland snow had increased by a factor of 200 since ancient times, and concluded that most of this increase was a result of the use of alkyl-leaded petrol. Partly because of these findings, the United States and other western countries limited the use of lead additives in petrol from about 1970. Recently, Boutron et al. showed that the lead concentration in Greenland snow had decreased by a factor of ∼7.5 over the past 20 years, and suggested that this was a result of the decline in use of leaded petrol. We present here measurements of the Pb/Pb ratio of the lead contained in the samples studied by Boutron et al. Because aerosols from the atmosphere above the United States are more radiogenic than those from Eurasia, we can trace the relative contributions of these two sources in the Greenland lead over the period analysed by Boutron et al.We find that the United States was a significant source of lead in the 1970s, but it has since declined considerably in relative importance. This decline mirrors the decrease in use of leaded petrol in the United States, confirming the earlier hypothesis.
1969年，室津见等人证明，格陵兰雪中的铅浓度自古代以来增加了200倍，并得出结论，这种增加主要是由于使用含烷基铅的汽油所致。部分由于这些研究结果，美国和其他西方国家自1970年左右开始限制汽油中铅添加剂的使用。最近，布特龙等人表明，在过去20年里，格陵兰雪中的铅浓度下降了约7.5倍，并认为这是含铅汽油使用量下降的结果。我们在此展示了对布特龙等人研究的样本中所含铅的Pb/Pb比值的测量结果。由于来自美国上空大气的气溶胶比来自欧亚大陆的气溶胶具有更强的放射性，我们可以追踪这两个来源在布特龙等人分析的时间段内对格陵兰铅的相对贡献。我们发现，美国在20世纪70年代是一个重要的铅源，但此后其相对重要性大幅下降。这种下降反映了美国含铅汽油使用量的减少，证实了早期的假设。
