Munoz-Figueroa Gloria Patricia, Ojo Omorogieva
Junior Sister, Low Clearance and Transplant Clinic-Renal Department, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London.
Senior Lecturer in Primary Care, Faculty of Education and Health, University of Greenwich, Avery Hill Campus, London.
Br J Nurs. 2018 Apr 12;27(7):382-388. doi: 10.12968/bjon.2018.27.7.382.
This article aims to evaluate the evidence relating to the effectiveness of alcohol-based gel for hand sanitising, or 'handrub', in infection control in healthcare settings with particular reference to renal nursing, as this has become pertinent due to the increasing reliance on evidence-based practice. There is a need to implement better infection control strategies and education, to reinforce knowledge among the public, health professionals and those at high risk of infection not only in renal nursing, but also in other areas of practice. Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) put patients' safety at risk, increase morbidity and mortality, extend the length of hospital admission and increase the cost to the NHS. There is evidence that the prevalence of HCAIs in England can be minimised through the use of different infection control measures. For example, alcohol-based handrub has been found to be associated with minimising the spread of gastrointestinal infections not only in hospital settings, but also in childcare centres. In addition, the UK national guidelines recommend regular handwashing (implementing the right technique) when hands are visibly dirty and hand disinfection with alcohol-based handrub when they are not visibly dirty. This should be before, in between and after different healthcare activities are performed.
本文旨在评估酒精基凝胶用于手部消毒（即“擦手剂”）在医疗环境感染控制中的有效性相关证据，尤其涉及肾脏护理领域，鉴于对循证实践的日益依赖，这一问题变得至关重要。有必要实施更好的感染控制策略和开展教育，以强化公众、卫生专业人员以及不仅在肾脏护理领域，而且在其他实践领域中感染高危人群的知识。医疗相关感染（HCAIs）危及患者安全，增加发病率和死亡率，延长住院时间并增加英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）的成本。有证据表明，通过使用不同的感染控制措施，可将英格兰医疗相关感染的发生率降至最低。例如，已发现酒精基擦手剂不仅在医院环境中，而且在儿童保育中心，都与减少胃肠道感染的传播有关。此外，英国国家指南建议，当手部明显脏污时应定期洗手（采用正确方法），而当手部无明显脏污时则用酒精基擦手剂进行手部消毒。这应在进行不同医疗活动之前、期间和之后进行。
