Vasavada Dhaivat, Sengupta Sabyasachi, Prajapati Vipul K, Patel Shashank
Nepal J Ophthalmol. 2017 Jul;9(18):112-1120. doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v9i2.19254.
Retinopathy of prematurity is an important cause of childhood blindness amongst premature babies in developing as well as developed world.
To report the incidence and risk factors of ROP from a regional institute of Ophthalmology in western India and compare it with the existing scenario.
This was prospective observational study of babies born at <34 weeks of gestational and/or <1700 grams birth weight between January 2012 and October 2013. Birth related information viz. O2 administration was recorded in consultation with a neonatologist and babies were evaluated for the presence of ROP. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for any-ROP and severe-ROP requiring treatment.
Out of 280 babies screened, any-ROP was seen 54 babies(19.28%) out of which, severe-ROP was found in 28 babies(10.29%).Likelihood of developing any-ROP increased 3 fold (95%CI=1.1 - 6.5), and severe-ROP by 7 fold (95%CI=1.6 - 27.5), if oxygen therapy as administered. Older gestational age was associated with reduced likelihood of developing severe-ROP (Odds ratio=0.79, 95%CI=0.6 - 0.9) but not any-ROP. Twenty four babies (86%) with severe ROP responded well to laser or Bevacizumab therapy while 4 babies developed retinal detachment.
This is the first report quoting only incidence and risk factors of ROP from western India. One in 5 babies develop any-ROP similar to that reported across rest of the country. The incidence of severe-ROP requiring treatment appears to be marginally higher, and treatment outcomes in these eyes are similar to that reported in literature.
早产儿视网膜病变是发展中国家和发达国家中早产婴儿失明的重要原因。
报告印度西部一家地区眼科研究所的早产儿视网膜病变发病率及危险因素，并与现有情况进行比较。
这是一项对2012年1月至2013年10月期间出生时孕周小于34周和/或出生体重小于1700克的婴儿进行的前瞻性观察研究。与新生儿科医生协商记录出生相关信息，即氧气使用情况，并对婴儿进行早产儿视网膜病变检查。采用多变量逻辑回归分析确定发生任何早产儿视网膜病变以及需要治疗的重度早产儿视网膜病变的危险因素。
在280名接受筛查的婴儿中，54名婴儿（19.28%）出现任何早产儿视网膜病变，其中28名婴儿（10.29%）为重度早产儿视网膜病变。如果接受氧气治疗，发生任何早产儿视网膜病变的可能性增加3倍（95%置信区间=1.1 - 6.5），重度早产儿视网膜病变增加7倍（95%置信区间=1.6 - 27.5）。孕周较大与发生重度早产儿视网膜病变的可能性降低相关（比值比=0.79，95%置信区间=0.6 - 0.9），但与任何早产儿视网膜病变无关。24名（86%）重度早产儿视网膜病变婴儿对激光或贝伐单抗治疗反应良好，4名婴儿发生视网膜脱离。
这是首份仅引用印度西部早产儿视网膜病变发病率及危险因素的报告。五分之一的婴儿发生任何早产儿视网膜病变，与该国其他地区报告的情况相似。需要治疗的重度早产儿视网膜病变发病率似乎略高，这些患儿的治疗效果与文献报道相似。
