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[医生在残疾儿童康复促进中的作用]

[The Role of Physician In Enhancement of Rehabilitation of Disabled Children].

作者信息

Nizova L M, Kislisyna I G

机构信息

The Povolzhskii state technological university, Yoshkar-Ola, 424000, Russia,

The Povolzhskii state technological university, Yoshkar-Ola, 424000, Russia.

出版信息

Probl Sotsialnoi Gig Zdravookhranenniiai Istor Med. 2017 Sep;25(5):303-307. doi: 10.1016/0869-866X-2017-25-5-303-307.

Abstract

The national and international experience of rehabilitation of disabled children was investigated. On the basis of monitoring data problem of increasing of number of children with diagnosis of infantile cerebral paralysis, including necessity of development of new methods of their rehabilitation was established. The comparative dynamics of nosology of disabled children permitted to detect diseases of nervous system and congenital abnormalities (malformations), deformations and chromosomal disorders, psychological disorders and behavioral disorders mostly specific for urban and rural area. The model of institutional environment of rehabilitation of disabled children was developed including system of formal (state, legislative acts, health institutions, organizations of social support of population)and non-formal (public, non-commercial and social psychological organizations) institutions impacted by economic, social,legal and demographic factors. The role of physician is substantiated concerning increasing of quality of rehabilitation services: diagnostic of disordered functions, detection of optimal volume of medical, psychological and pedagogue activities in patients with severe speech disorders, motoric and and neuro-censorial disorders developed as a result of early organic damage of brain, neuro-infections, strokes, and other affection of brain. The adequate curative rehabilitative complex programs were developed of social everyday and social labor rehabilitation.

摘要

对残疾儿童康复的国内外经验进行了调查。根据监测数据,确定了包括发展新的康复方法在内的,诊断为小儿脑瘫的儿童数量增加的问题。残疾儿童疾病分类的比较动态有助于发现神经系统疾病、先天性异常(畸形)、变形和染色体疾病、心理障碍和行为障碍,这些大多是城乡地区特有的。建立了残疾儿童康复机构环境模型,包括受经济、社会、法律和人口因素影响的正式(国家、立法行为、卫生机构、人口社会支持组织)和非正式(公共、非商业和社会心理组织)机构体系。阐述了医生在提高康复服务质量方面的作用:诊断功能障碍,为患有严重言语障碍、因早期脑器质性损伤、神经感染、中风和其他脑部疾病而导致的运动和神经感觉障碍的患者,确定最佳的医疗、心理和教育活动量。制定了适当的社会日常生活和社会劳动康复的治疗康复综合方案。

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