Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environment Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Chemosphere. 2018 Jul;203:457-466. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.016. Epub 2018 Apr 5.
The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is becoming a critical technology for energy neutral in mainstream wastewater treatment. However, the presence of chemical oxygen demanding in influent would result in a poor nitrogen removal efficiency during the deammonification process. In this study, the simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification process (SNAD) for mainstream nitrogen removal was investigated in an integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor. SNAD-IFAS process achieved a total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency of 72 ± 2% and an average COD removal efficiency was 88%. The optimum COD/N ratio for mainstream wastewater treatment was 1.2 ± 0.2. Illumina sequencing analysis and activity tests showed that anammox and denitrifying bacteria were the dominant nitrogen removal microorganism in the biofilm and the high COD/N ratios (≥2.0) leaded to the proliferation of heterotrophic bacteria (Hydrogenophaga) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (Nitrospira) in the suspended sludge. Network analysis confirmed that anammox bacteria (Candidatus Kuenenia) could survive in organic matter environment due to that anammox bacteria displayed significant co-occurrence through positive correlations with some heterotrophic bacteria (Limnobacter) which could protect anammox bacteria from hostile environments. Overall, the results of this study provided more comprehensive information regarding the community composition and assemblies in SNAD-IFAS process for mainstream nitrogen removal.
厌氧氨氧化（anammox）技术在主流污水处理中实现能量平衡，正成为一项关键技术。然而，进水存在化学需氧量（COD）会导致脱氨过程中氮去除效率较差。在本研究中，采用一体化固定膜活性污泥（IFAS）反应器研究了同步部分硝化、厌氧氨氧化和反硝化（SNAD）工艺用于主流脱氮。SNAD-IFAS 工艺实现了总氮（TN）去除效率为 72±2%，平均 COD 去除效率为 88%。主流废水处理的最佳 COD/N 比为 1.2±0.2。Illumina 测序分析和活性测试表明，在生物膜中，厌氧氨氧化菌和反硝化菌是主要的脱氮微生物，而高 COD/N 比（≥2.0）会导致异养菌（氢噬菌属）和亚硝酸盐氧化菌（硝化螺旋菌属）在悬浮污泥中大量繁殖。网络分析证实，由于厌氧氨氧化菌与一些能够保护厌氧氨氧化菌免受恶劣环境影响的异养菌（浮霉菌属）之间存在显著的正相关关系，因此厌氧氨氧化菌能够在有机物环境中生存。总的来说，本研究结果为 SNAD-IFAS 工艺用于主流脱氮的群落组成和组装提供了更全面的信息。
