University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, USA.
The University of Queensland, Australia.
J Safety Res. 2018 Feb;64:93-104. doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.2017.12.013. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
Previous laboratory studies have demonstrated that some drivers position their seat belts suboptimally. Specifically, the lap portion of the belt may be higher and farther forward relative to the pelvis than best practice, and the shoulder portion of the belt may be outboard or inboard of mid-shoulder. This study evaluated the performance of a video-based intervention for improving the belt fit obtained by drivers.
Twenty-nine adult drivers participated in this study. Belt fit was measured before and after the intervention in participants' vehicles and in a laboratory mockup.
Data from both the in-vehicle and laboratory belt measures found that 95% of participants sampled improved some aspect of lap belt fit. For the in-vehicle test conditions, participants who lowered the lap belt location (Z) after the intervention showed an improvement of 26 mm on average. Among those participants who shifted the horizontal lap belt location rearward (closer to the pelvis), an average improvement of 36 mm was observed. No significant differences were observed between baseline and post-intervention shoulder belt fit.
The results provide preliminary evidence that an intervention improves driver belt fit. More research is needed to establish what aspects of this intervention affected behavior and how effective such an intervention is in the context of public health.
These findings can help better inform intervention initiatives to improve occupant belt fit.
先前的实验室研究表明，一些驾驶员安全带的佩戴位置并不理想。具体来说，安全带的腰带部分相对于骨盆可能过高且靠前，而安全带的肩部部分可能位于肩部的外侧或内侧。本研究评估了基于视频的干预措施对改善驾驶员安全带贴合度的效果。
29 名成年驾驶员参与了这项研究。在参与者的车辆和实验室模拟中，在干预前后测量了安全带的贴合度。
来自车内和实验室的安全带测量数据均表明，95%的参与者在某些方面改善了安全带的贴合度。对于车内测试条件，干预后降低安全带腰带位置（Z）的参与者平均提高了 26 毫米。对于那些将水平腰带位置向后移动（更靠近骨盆）的参与者，观察到平均改善了 36 毫米。干预前后的肩部安全带贴合度没有显著差异。
结果初步表明干预措施可改善驾驶员的安全带贴合度。需要进一步研究确定该干预措施的哪些方面影响了行为，以及这种干预在公共卫生方面的效果如何。
这些发现可以帮助更好地告知改善乘客安全带贴合度的干预措施。
