Department of Neuroscience, Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
Ortho Clinical Diagnostics, 513 Technology Blvd, Rochester, NY, 14626, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Apr 10;8(1):5746. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24166-9.
Tobacco use is associated with an increased risk of hearing loss in older individuals, suggesting cigarette smoke (CS) exposure may target the peripheral auditory organs. However, the effects of CS exposure on general cochlear anatomy have not previously been explored. Here we compare control and chronic CS exposed cochleae from adult mice to assess changes in structure and cell survival. Two-photon imaging techniques, including the imaging of second harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) from native molecules, were used to probe the whole cochlear organ for changes. We found evidence for fibrillar collagen accumulation in the spiral ganglion and organ of Corti, consistent with fibrosis. Quantitative TPEF indicated that basal CS-exposed spiral ganglion neurons experienced greater oxidative stress than control neurons, which was confirmed by histological staining for lipid peroxidation products. Cell counts confirmed that the CS-exposed spiral ganglion also contained fewer basal neurons. Taken together, these data support the premise that CS exposure induces oxidative stress in cochlear cells. They also indicate that two-photon techniques may screen cochlear tissues for oxidative stress.
吸烟与老年人听力损失风险增加有关，这表明香烟烟雾（CS）暴露可能针对外周听觉器官。然而，CS 暴露对一般耳蜗解剖结构的影响尚未被探索。在这里，我们比较了来自成年小鼠的对照和慢性 CS 暴露的耳蜗，以评估结构和细胞存活的变化。双光子成像技术，包括来自天然分子的二次谐波产生（SHG）和双光子激发荧光（TPEF）的成像，用于探测整个耳蜗器官的变化。我们发现证据表明，螺旋神经节和 Corti 器中的纤维状胶原蛋白积累，与纤维化一致。定量 TPEF 表明，基底 CS 暴露的螺旋神经节神经元经历的氧化应激比对照神经元更大，这通过脂质过氧化产物的组织学染色得到证实。细胞计数证实 CS 暴露的螺旋神经节也含有较少的基底神经元。总之，这些数据支持 CS 暴露诱导耳蜗细胞氧化应激的前提。它们还表明，双光子技术可能筛选耳蜗组织中的氧化应激。
