UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, PFEM, MetaboHUB-Clermont, Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, 63122, Theix, France.
J Physiol Biochem. 2018 Nov;74(4):569-577. doi: 10.1007/s13105-018-0628-y. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
High-sugar intake and senescence share common deleterious effects, in particular in liver, but combination of these two factors was little studied. Our aims were to examine the effect of a high-sucrose diet in liver of old rats and also the potential benefices of a polyphenol/micronutrient supplementation. Four groups of 22-month-old male rats fed during 5 months with a diet containing either 13 or 62% sucrose, supplemented or not with rutin, vitamin E, A, D, selenium, and zinc were compared. We measured liver macronutrient composition, glycation/oxidative stress, enzyme activities (lipogenesis, β-oxidation, fructokinase), gene expression (enzymes and transcription factors), in vivo protein synthesis rates and plasma parameters. Sucrose induced an increase in plasma and liver lipid content, and a stimulation of liver protein synthesis rates. Gene expression was little changed by sucrose, with lower levels for LXR-α and LXR-β. Polyphenol/micronutrient supplementation tended to limit liver triglyceride infiltration through variations in fatty acid synthase, acyl coA oxidase, and possibly ATP-citrate lyase activities. In conclusion, despite differences in enzymatic regulations, and blunted responses of gene expression, high-sucrose diet was still able to induce a marked increase in liver lipid content in old animals. However, it probably attenuated the positive impact of polyphenol/micronutrients.
高糖摄入和衰老具有共同的有害影响，特别是在肝脏中，但这两个因素的结合研究较少。我们的目的是研究高蔗糖饮食对老年大鼠肝脏的影响，以及多酚/微量营养素补充的潜在益处。将四组 22 月龄雄性大鼠分别用含有 13%或 62%蔗糖的饮食喂养 5 个月，并分别用芦丁、维生素 E、A、D、硒和锌进行补充，比较了这两组大鼠。我们测量了肝脏的宏量营养素组成、糖化/氧化应激、酶活性（脂肪生成、β-氧化、果糖激酶）、基因表达（酶和转录因子）、体内蛋白质合成率和血浆参数。蔗糖诱导血浆和肝脏脂质含量增加，并刺激肝脏蛋白质合成率。蔗糖对基因表达的影响很小，LXR-α 和 LXR-β 的水平较低。多酚/微量营养素补充剂通过改变脂肪酸合酶、酰基辅酶 A 氧化酶和可能的三磷酸柠檬酸裂解酶活性，倾向于限制肝脏甘油三酯的浸润。总之，尽管酶调节存在差异，基因表达的反应也减弱，但高蔗糖饮食仍能在老年动物中引起肝脏脂质含量的显著增加。然而，它可能会减弱多酚/微量营养素的积极影响。
