Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
J Cell Biochem. 2018 Jul;119(7):5060-5071. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26793. Epub 2018 Apr 10.
Caveolae are 50- to 100-nm cholesterol and glycosphingolipid-rich flask-shaped invaginations commonly observed in many terminally differentiated cells. These organelles have been described in many cell types and are particularly abundant in endothelial cells, where they have been involved in the regulation of certain signaling pathways. Specific scaffolding proteins termed caveolins, along with the more recently discovered members of the cavin family, represent the major protein components during caveolae biogenesis. In addition, multiple studies aimed to investigate the expression and the regulation of these proteins significantly contributed to elucidate the role of caveolae and caveolins in endothelial cell physiology and disease. The aim of this review is to survey recent evidence of the involvement of the caveolar network in endothelial cell biology and endothelial cell dysfunction.
小窝是 50 至 100nm 富含胆固醇和糖脂的烧瓶状内陷，通常在许多终末分化细胞中观察到。这些细胞器已在许多细胞类型中被描述，并且在内皮细胞中特别丰富，在那里它们参与了某些信号通路的调节。特定的支架蛋白称为窖蛋白，以及最近发现的窖蛋白家族成员，是小窝形成过程中的主要蛋白成分。此外，多项旨在研究这些蛋白表达和调节的研究极大地促进了阐明小窝和窖蛋白在内皮细胞生理学和疾病中的作用。本文的目的是综述小窝网络在内皮细胞生物学和内皮细胞功能障碍中的作用的最新证据。
