Division of Biological Chemistry, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Department of Psychiatry II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Curr Top Med Chem. 2018;18(16):1408-1415. doi: 10.2174/1568026618666180410141042.
There exists a critical link between immunological processes and metabolic changes. Furthermore, it becomes more and more evident that changes in immunometabolic pathways are highly interconnected with psychological processes and the nervous system. Depressive disorders are a major contributor to the overall burden of disease worldwide. Despite extensive research, therapeutic interventions are often not satisfying. This may be due to the yet only partially elucidated pathobiochemistry underlying the development of depression which may be influenced by multiple factors including genetics, environment, lifestyle, and importantly by the immunological status. In this review article, the roles and consequences of the interferon gamma-dependent pathways of tryptophan breakdown and neopterin formation are discussed, as well as phenylalanine metabolism, trying to provide a rational link between immunology, metabolism and mental status. Besides underlining the complexity of the mechanism involved in the development of depression, the knowledge on relevant biomarkers may be useful in orchestrating personalized therapy regimes.
免疫过程和代谢变化之间存在着关键联系。此外，越来越明显的是，免疫代谢途径的变化与心理过程和神经系统高度相互关联。抑郁障碍是全球疾病总负担的主要原因之一。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但治疗干预往往并不令人满意。这可能是由于导致抑郁的病理生物化学仍部分未阐明，其可能受到多种因素的影响，包括遗传、环境、生活方式，以及免疫状态。在这篇综述文章中，讨论了色氨酸分解和新蝶呤形成的干扰素γ依赖性途径以及苯丙氨酸代谢的作用和后果，试图在免疫学、代谢和精神状态之间建立合理的联系。除了强调抑郁发生机制的复杂性外，对相关生物标志物的了解可能有助于协调个性化治疗方案。
