Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brazil.
Department of Bioscience and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goias, Goiania, GO, Brazil.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2022 Sep 22;2022:7985596. doi: 10.1155/2022/7985596. eCollection 2022.
Aging is a complex process often associated with a chronic inflammatory profile that alters several biological functions, including the immune system and cognitive and physical capacity. The practice of physical activity is increasingly gaining popularity as a method of preventing infections, depression, and other disorders that affect the quality of life of the elderly. Thus, this work analyzes the profile of cytokines and molecular markers expressed in immune cells of elderly people who practice physical activities or not, evaluating their impacts on the immune system and quality of life. For this, 48 individuals were recruited, and peripheral blood samples were collected for hemogram analysis, cytokine determination, and immunophenotyping. Elderly people were separated into two groups: practitioners with low-intensity physical activity and non-practitioners. Quality of life was assessed using the Whoqol-Old instrument, and depression was assessed using the Beck II Depression Inventory. When comparing the scores of the Whoqol-Old and Beck questionnaires, we observed a significant negative correlation between these two factors. The perception of a higher quality of life was present in the elderly who exercised and was related to greater autonomy and sensory abilities, whereas the presence of depression was lower. In the hemogram, we observed higher basophil and segmented counts in the sedentary elderly, whereas lymphocytes and monocytes had lower counts. Elderly practitioners of physical activities had higher levels of IFN-, IL-4, and IL-10; increased expression of CD69, PD1, and TIM-3 in CD4+ T lymphocytes and increased CD14+CD80+ and CD14+CD86+ monocytes. Elderly people with an increased perception of quality of life had higher levels of IFN-, higher expression of CD14+CD80+CD86+, and decreased levels of TRAIL. An increase in TRAIL was observed in individuals with depression, in addition to an increased expression of CD14+CD86+. These results show a clear correlation between the quality of life, level of depression, physical activity, and immune system function. Although some cytokines with a typical proinflammatory profile (IFN-) were observed, the results point to a protective state with benefits reflected in the general well-being of the elderly who exercise.
衰老是一个复杂的过程，通常与慢性炎症特征相关，这种特征改变了包括免疫系统在内的几种生物功能以及认知和身体能力。进行身体活动作为预防感染、抑郁和其他影响老年人生活质量的疾病的方法，越来越受到欢迎。因此，这项工作分析了进行或不进行身体活动的老年人免疫细胞中表达的细胞因子和分子标志物的特征，评估其对免疫系统和生活质量的影响。为此，招募了 48 名个体，并采集外周血样进行血常规分析、细胞因子测定和免疫表型分析。老年人分为两组：进行低强度身体活动的人和不活动的人。使用 WHOQOL-Old 量表评估生活质量，使用 Beck II 抑郁量表评估抑郁。在比较 WHOQOL-Old 和 Beck 问卷的分数时，我们观察到这两个因素之间存在显著的负相关。生活质量更高的感知存在于锻炼的老年人中，与更大的自主性和感官能力有关，而抑郁的存在较低。在血常规中，我们观察到久坐不动的老年人嗜碱性粒细胞和分叶核计数较高，而淋巴细胞和单核细胞计数较低。进行身体活动的老年人的 IFN-、IL-4 和 IL-10 水平较高；CD4+T 淋巴细胞中 CD69、PD1 和 TIM-3 的表达增加，CD14+CD80+和 CD14+CD86+单核细胞增加。生活质量感知提高的老年人 IFN-水平更高，CD14+CD80+CD86+表达增加，TRAIL 水平降低。抑郁个体观察到 TRAIL 增加，此外 CD14+CD86+表达增加。这些结果清楚地表明生活质量、抑郁程度、身体活动和免疫系统功能之间存在明显的相关性。尽管观察到一些具有典型促炎特征的细胞因子（如 IFN-），但结果表明，运动的老年人处于一种保护状态，这体现在他们的整体健康状况上。
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