Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Shock. 2019 Jan;51(1):44-51. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0000000000001156.
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protect myocardial tissue against subsequent ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) and have a high potential to improve patient outcome. The mediators and mechanisms of protection through IPC and RIPC remain largely unknown, but micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are promising candidates.
Systematic review of Medline and Embase databases for biomedical scientific literature.
A total of 26 relevant publications (21 full-text original articles and 5 conference abstracts) were identified, 8 describing cell culture experiments, 14 animal experiments, and 4 randomized clinical trials in humans. Most commonly reported miRNAs with differential expression between preconditioned and control groups include miR-1, miR-21, and miR-144. Experimental designs and procedures differ widely, thereby limiting the potential to compare results between studies. Two of the four RCTs did not find any differentially expressed miRNAs.
Results from RCTs should feed back into basic research and focused studies confirming or rejecting hypotheses generated by these RCTs are needed.
缺血预处理（IPC）和远程缺血预处理（RIPC）可保护心肌组织免受后续缺血再灌注损伤（IRI），并具有显著改善患者预后的潜力。IPC 和 RIPC 的保护机制和介质仍知之甚少，但 microRNAs（miRNAs）是很有前途的候选者。
对生物医学文献的 Medline 和 Embase 数据库进行系统综述。
共确定了 26 篇相关文献（21 篇全文原始文章和 5 篇会议摘要），其中 8 篇描述了细胞培养实验，14 篇描述了动物实验，4 篇为人类随机临床试验。预处理组和对照组之间差异表达的最常见报告 miRNA 包括 miR-1、miR-21 和 miR-144。实验设计和程序差异很大，因此限制了对研究结果进行比较的潜力。四项 RCT 中的两项未发现任何差异表达的 miRNAs。
RCT 的结果应反馈到基础研究中，需要进行有针对性的研究，以确认或反驳这些 RCT 提出的假设。
