Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 133 boulevard Davout, 75980, Paris Cedex 20, France.
Institut de Recherche et Documentation en Economie de la Santé, Paris, France.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 11;18(1):479. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5379-8.
Although the French population comprises large and diverse immigrant groups, there is little research on smoking disparities by geographical origin. The aim of this study is to investigate in this country smoking among immigrants born in either north Africa, sub-Saharan Africa or French overseas départements.
The data originate from the 2010 Health Barometer survey representative of metropolitan France. The subsample of 20,211 individuals aged 18-70 years (born either in metropolitan France or in the above-mentioned geographical regions) was analysed using logistic regression.
Both immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa and immigrants from overseas départements were protected from smoking compared to the reference population, and the former had a distinctive strongly reversed educational gradient in both genders. Returned former settlers from the French colonies in North Africa (repatriates) had the highest smoking levels. Natives from the Maghreb (Maghrebins) showed considerable gender discordance, with men having both a higher prevalence (borderline significance) and a reversed gradient and women having lower prevalence than the reference population.
Immigrants from regions of the world in stage 1 of the cigarette epidemic had relatively low smoking levels and those from regions in stage 2 had relatively high smoking levels. Some groups had a profile characteristic of late phases of the cigarette epidemic, and others, some of which long-standing residents, seemed to be positioned at its early stages. The situation for Maghrebins reflected the enduring influence of gendered norms post-migration. Based on their educational gradients, immigrants from overseas départements (particularly men) and Maghrebin women may be at risk of losing their particularly low prevalence. Immigrants from sub-Saharan Africa could retain it. In-depth analysis of smoking profiles of immigrants' groups is essential for a better targeting of smoking prevention and cessation programs.
尽管法国人口中包含了大量来自不同地区的移民群体，但关于移民群体在吸烟方面的差异的研究却很少。本研究旨在调查法国出生于北非、撒哈拉以南非洲或法国海外省的移民的吸烟情况。
数据来自于具有代表性的 2010 年法国健康晴雨表调查。使用逻辑回归分析了年龄在 18-70 岁之间（出生于法国本土或上述地区）的 20211 人的子样本。
与参照人群相比，来自撒哈拉以南非洲的移民和来自海外省的移民都受到了吸烟的保护，而且前者在两性中都存在明显的、反向的教育梯度差异。从法国在北非的殖民地返回的前定居者（归国侨民）的吸烟水平最高。马格里布人（马格里布人）表现出相当大的性别差异，男性的吸烟率（边缘显著）和反向梯度都较高，而女性的吸烟率则低于参照人群。
来自处于吸烟流行第一阶段地区的移民吸烟水平相对较低，而来自处于第二阶段地区的移民吸烟水平相对较高。一些群体具有吸烟流行后期阶段的特征，而另一些群体，其中一些是长期居民，似乎处于早期阶段。马格里布人的情况反映了移民后性别规范的持久影响。根据他们的教育梯度，来自海外省的移民（特别是男性）和马格里布女性可能面临失去他们特别低的吸烟率的风险。来自撒哈拉以南非洲的移民可能会保留这一趋势。深入分析移民群体的吸烟特征对于更好地针对吸烟预防和戒烟计划至关重要。
