Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Center for Mind+Body Health, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Transl Behav Med. 2019 Jul 16;9(4):737-748. doi: 10.1093/tbm/iby036.
Rates of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers are on the rise in the USA with data revealing disproportionate increase in female young adults. The popularity of intentional skin tanning among U.S. adolescents is attributed to several factors, including prioritization of physical appearance, media images of tanned celebrities, ease of availability of artificial tanning facilities, and more recently, the prevalence and celebration of tanned skin on social media. Pinterest, as the third most popular social media platform, was searched for "pins" about skin tanning. The resultant "pins" were examined to understand the extent and characteristics of skin tanning portrayed on Pinterest. We analyzed pins on Pinterest about skin tanning (n = 501) through a quantitative content analysis. Overall, results indicated an overwhelmingly protanning characteristic of pins about skin tanning on Pinterest, with over 85% of pins promoting tanning behavior. The pins were generally characterized by the portrayal of a female subject (61%) and provided positive reinforcement for tanning (49%). Use of tanning for enhancing appearance was the main positive outcome expectancy portrayed in the pins (35%), and nudity or exposure of skin on arms (32%) and legs (31%) was evident in about a third of pins. With overwhelmingly positive pins promoting tanning, use of female subjects, exhibiting nudity, and appearance enhancement, there seems be to a consistent targeting of female users to accept tanning as a socially acceptable and popular behavior. The findings indicate a need for developing sun protection messages and the leveraging of social media for dissemination of skin cancer prevention and detection messages.
美国的黑色素瘤和非黑色素瘤皮肤癌发病率呈上升趋势，数据显示年轻女性的发病率增长不成比例。美国青少年有意晒黑的流行归因于多种因素，包括对外表的重视、晒黑名人的媒体形象、人工晒黑设施的易得性，以及最近社交媒体上对晒黑皮肤的流行和庆祝。Pinterest 是第三大最受欢迎的社交媒体平台，我们搜索了关于晒黑的“Pins”。检查这些“Pins”，以了解 Pinterest 上晒黑的程度和特点。我们通过定量内容分析对 Pinterest 上关于晒黑的“Pins”（n=501）进行了分析。总体而言，结果表明，Pinterest 上关于晒黑的“Pins”表现出强烈的晒黑倾向，超过 85%的“Pins”宣传晒黑行为。这些“Pins”通常以女性主体的描绘为特征（61%），并对晒黑行为提供了积极的强化（49%）。通过晒黑来改善外表是“Pins”中描绘的主要积极预期结果（35%），大约三分之一的“Pins”中明显存在手臂（32%）和腿部（31%）的裸露或皮肤暴露。大量积极的“Pins”宣传晒黑、使用女性主体、展示裸体和增强外表，似乎表明有针对性地针对女性用户，使她们接受晒黑作为一种社会可接受和流行的行为。这些发现表明需要制定防晒信息，并利用社交媒体传播皮肤癌预防和检测信息。
