Brzozowska Justyna Martyna, Gotlib Joanna
School of Medical & Health Sciences, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jan 6;27:e54241. doi: 10.2196/54241.
Social media is used as a tool for information exchange, entertainment, education, and intervention. Intervention efforts attempt to engage users in skin health.
This review aimed to collect and summarize research assessing the impact of social media on skin health promotion activities undertaken by social media users.
In accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, the following scientific databases were searched: Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Academic Search Ultimate (via EBSCO), Academic Research Source eJournals (via EBSCO), ERIC (via EBSCO), Health Source: Consumer Edition (via EBSCO), and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition (via EBSCO). Using ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, OpenGrey, Grey Literature Report, and MedNar, the search was supplemented with gray literature. Articles on skin care, skin health, skin diseases, skin protection, and educational activities promoting healthy skin on social media were selected for review (search date: February 6, 2023). The following qualification criteria were used: original research; research conducted on social media; and research topics regarding educational activities in skin health promotion, skin care, skin health, skin diseases, and skin protection. To assess the risk of bias, the following tools were used: the Cochrane Collaboration tool for risk-of-bias assessment (randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies) and the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine checklist (cross-sectional studies).
Altogether, 1558 works were considered, of which 23 (1.48%) qualified, with 3 (13%) studies on acne and 20 (87%) on skin cancer, sunscreen, and tanning. Social media interventions were dealt with in 65% (15/23) of the studies. The review made it possible to investigate cognitive and cognitive-behavioral interventions. In both observational and interventional studies, the most frequently discussed topics were skin exposure and protection against UV radiation and skin cancer. The analyzed research showed that social media is a source of information. Visualization has a strong impact on users. The involvement of social media users is measured through the amount of content shared and contributes to changing attitudes and behaviors regarding skin health.
This review outlined the impact of social media, despite its heterogeneity, on users' skin health behaviors, attitudes, and actions. It identified strategies for digital interventions to promote skin health. In health sciences, a standardized tool is needed to assess the quality of social media digital interventions. This review has several limitations: only articles written in English were considered; ongoing studies were omitted; and there was a small number of interventional studies on acne and a lack of research on daily skin care, education, and antiaging activities on social media. Another limitation, resulting from the topic being too broad, was a failure to perform quantitative data analysis, resulting in the studies that qualified for the review being heterogeneous.
社交媒体被用作信息交流、娱乐、教育和干预的工具。干预措施旨在让用户参与皮肤健康相关活动。
本综述旨在收集和总结评估社交媒体对社交媒体用户开展的皮肤健康促进活动影响的研究。
按照PRISMA（系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目）指南，检索了以下科学数据库：Scopus、科学网、PubMed、学术搜索终极版（通过EBSCO）、学术研究源电子期刊（通过EBSCO）、教育资源信息中心（通过EBSCO）、健康源：消费者版（通过EBSCO）以及健康源：护理/学术版（通过EBSCO）。利用ProQuest学位论文与博硕士论文数据库、OpenGrey、灰色文献报告和MedNar对灰色文献进行补充检索。选取了关于社交媒体上皮肤护理、皮肤健康、皮肤疾病、皮肤保护以及促进健康皮肤的教育活动的文章进行综述（检索日期：2023年2月6日）。采用以下纳入标准：原创研究；在社交媒体上开展的研究；以及关于皮肤健康促进、皮肤护理、皮肤健康、皮肤疾病和皮肤保护方面教育活动的研究主题。为评估偏倚风险，使用了以下工具：Cochrane协作网偏倚风险评估工具（随机对照试验和半实验研究）以及循证医学中心清单（横断面研究）。
共筛选出1558篇文献，其中23篇（1.48%）符合要求，3篇（13%）关于痤疮，20篇（87%）关于皮肤癌、防晒霜和晒黑。65%（15/23）的研究涉及社交媒体干预。该综述使得对认知和认知行为干预的研究成为可能。在观察性和干预性研究中，最常讨论的主题是皮肤暴露以及针对紫外线辐射和皮肤癌的防护。分析研究表明社交媒体是一个信息来源。可视化对用户有很大影响。通过分享的内容数量来衡量社交媒体用户的参与度，这有助于改变对皮肤健康的态度和行为。
本综述概述了社交媒体尽管具有异质性，但对用户皮肤健康行为、态度和行动的影响。它确定了促进皮肤健康的数字干预策略。在健康科学领域，需要一种标准化工具来评估社交媒体数字干预的质量。本综述有几个局限性：仅考虑了英文撰写的文章；遗漏了正在进行的研究；关于痤疮的干预性研究较少，且缺乏关于社交媒体上日常皮肤护理、教育和抗老化活动的研究。另一个局限性是由于主题过于宽泛，未能进行定量数据分析，导致符合综述要求的研究具有异质性。
