Amiri Parisa, Jalali-Farahani Sara, Akbar Hasti Masihay, Cheraghi Leila, Khalili Davood, Momenan Amirabbas, Mirmiran Parvin, Ghanbarian Arash, Hedayati Mehdi, Hosseini-Esfahani Firoozeh, Azizi Fereidoun
1 Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .
2 Prevention of Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran .
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2018 Jun;16(5):215-223. doi: 10.1089/met.2017.0055. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
The increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in childhood makes lifestyle interventions imperative during adolescence. This study aimed to assess the effects of a community-based lifestyle intervention on MetS and its components in adolescents.
Adolescents, based on their residential area were categorized into three groups: complete intervention (residing in the intervention area at baseline and during all follow-ups), incomplete intervention (residing in either the intervention or control areas and were in transition between these two areas), and control group (residing in the control area at baseline and throughout all follow-ups). All measurements were repeated every 3 years for up to 9 years. Lifestyle intervention aimed at achieving healthy dietary patterns and increasing physical activity. Generalized estimating equation models were used to analyze data.
In boys with incomplete intervention versus controls, the prevalence of MetS was significantly lower in the short term (14.0 vs. 22.9), but not in long term. In boys with complete intervention, the prevalence was significantly lower versus controls (9.0 vs. 23.4) in the long term. In girls, the short-term prevalence of MetS was significantly lower in the complete intervention group compared with controls (2.5 vs. 9.1) and then remained constantly low in all study groups after that. Among MetS components, in boys, triglycerides and fasting plasma glucose in the short term and high-density lipoprotein mid term, and in girls HDL in mid and long term were both significantly improved. The odds of MetS decreased significantly in the complete [odds ratio (OR): 0.516, confidence interval (95% CI): 0.273-0.973] and incomplete (OR: 0.591, 95% CI: 0.358-0.976) intervention groups only in boys. The short- and long-term interventions resulted improvement in some of the MetS components in both genders.
The healthy lifestyle intervention reduced the risk of MetS in both genders in short and long term, but with different patterns and improved some of the MetS components.
儿童代谢综合征（MetS）患病率不断上升，使得青春期的生活方式干预势在必行。本研究旨在评估基于社区的生活方式干预对青少年MetS及其组成成分的影响。
根据居住区域，青少年被分为三组：完全干预组（基线时及所有随访期间均居住在干预区域）、不完全干预组（居住在干预或对照区域且在这两个区域之间转换）和对照组（基线时及所有随访期间均居住在对照区域）。所有测量每3年重复一次，最长持续9年。生活方式干预旨在实现健康的饮食模式并增加身体活动。使用广义估计方程模型分析数据。
在不完全干预组的男孩与对照组相比，短期内MetS患病率显著较低（14.0对22.9），但长期来看并非如此。在完全干预组的男孩中，长期患病率与对照组相比显著较低（9.0对23.4）。在女孩中，完全干预组的MetS短期患病率与对照组相比显著较低（2.5对9.1），之后所有研究组中均持续保持较低水平。在MetS组成成分中，男孩的甘油三酯和短期空腹血糖以及中期高密度脂蛋白，女孩的中期和长期高密度脂蛋白均有显著改善。仅在男孩中，完全干预组（优势比（OR）：0.516，置信区间（95%CI）：0.273 - 0.973）和不完全干预组（OR：0.591，95%CI：0.358 - 0.976）的MetS发生几率显著降低。短期和长期干预均使两性的一些MetS组成成分得到改善。
健康的生活方式干预在短期和长期内均降低了两性患MetS的风险，但模式不同，并改善了一些MetS组成成分。
