Freysteinson Wyona M, Mellott Susan, Celia Tania, Du Jinlan, Goff Marilyn, Plescher Tana, Allam Zoheb
a Nelda C. Stark College of Nursing , Texas Woman's University , Houston , Texas , USA.
b Office of Technology , Texas Woman's University , Houston , Texas , USA.
Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2018 Aug;39(8):623-632. doi: 10.1080/01612840.2018.1445327. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
The researchers were invited to a transitional home for homeless women veterans to help veterans with body image issues. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 12 veterans who perceived they had a physical difference due to military service. Data were obtained in focus groups where the veterans were invited to share stories. Ricoeur's hermeneutic phenomenology guided the study. The research team learned early in the data collection stage that 11 of the 12 participants suffered military sexual trauma (MST). Three structures emerged in the data: (a) to speak up or not to speak, (b) from military pride to shameful anguish, and (c) invisible scars versus visible scars. A phenomenological interpretation of these invisible scars uncovered that viewing self in a mirror was depicted as viewing a stranger. Being with others, including family, was described as wearing a fake face. The phrase I am broken defined intimate relationships which were non-existent or strained. Shame permeated all body image structures. As the veterans listened to each other, they began to see themes in their stories. There was a shared sense of identity and a movement toward greater self-understanding and resolving. In addition to the recommendations the participants had regarding prevention of MST and recovery care of those with MST, implications for research and practice are provided.
研究人员受邀前往一家为无家可归的退伍女兵提供过渡住所的机构，以帮助退伍军人解决身体形象问题。采用便利抽样法招募了12名认为自己因服役而身体出现差异的退伍军人。数据是在焦点小组中收集的，在这些小组中，退伍军人被邀请分享他们的故事。研究以利科的诠释现象学为指导。研究团队在数据收集阶段早期了解到，12名参与者中有11人遭受过军事性创伤（MST）。数据中出现了三种结构：（a）说出来还是不说，（b）从军人的骄傲到羞耻的痛苦，以及（c）无形的伤疤与有形的伤疤。对这些无形伤疤的现象学解释揭示，看着镜子中的自己被描述为看着一个陌生人。与他人在一起，包括家人，被描述为戴着一张假脸。“我破碎了”这句话定义了不存在或紧张的亲密关系。羞耻感渗透在所有身体形象结构中。当退伍军人相互倾听时，他们开始在自己的故事中看到主题。有一种共同的身份认同感，以及朝着更大程度的自我理解和解决问题的方向发展。除了参与者提出的关于预防军事性创伤和对军事性创伤患者进行康复护理的建议外，还提供了对研究和实践的启示。
