Tripi Gabriele, Roux Sylvie, Carotenuto Marco, Bonnet-Brilhault Frédérique, Roccella Michele
Dipartment PROSAMI, Paolo Giaccone Hospital, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Childhood Psychiatric Service for Neurodevelopmentals Disorders, Centre Hospitalier du Chinonais, 37500 Saint-Benoît-la-Forêt, France.
J Clin Med. 2018 Apr 12;7(4):79. doi: 10.3390/jcm7040079.
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) require neurological evaluation to detect sensory-motor impairment. This will improve understanding of brain function in children with ASD, in terms of minor neurological dysfunctions (MNDs).
We compared 32 ASD children without intellectual disability (IQ ≥ 70) with 32 healthy controls. A standardized and age-specific neurological examination according to Touwen was used to detect the presence of MNDs. Particular attention was paid to severity and type of MNDs.
Children with ASD had significantly higher rates of MNDs compared to controls (96.9% versus 15.6%): 81.3% had simple MNDs ( < 0.0001) and 15.6% had complex MNDs ( = 0.053). The prevalence of MNDs in the ASD group was significantly higher ( < 0.0001) than controls. With respect to specific types of MNDs, children with ASD showed a wide range of fine manipulative disability, sensory deficits and choreiform dyskinesia. We also found an excess of associated movements and anomalies in coordination and balance.
Results replicate previous findings which found delays in sensory-motor behavior in ASD pointing towards a role for prenatal, natal and neonatal risk factors in the neurodevelopmental theory of autism.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）儿童需要进行神经学评估以检测感觉运动障碍。这将有助于从轻微神经功能障碍（MNDs）方面更好地理解ASD儿童的脑功能。
我们将32名无智力残疾（智商≥70）的ASD儿童与32名健康对照进行比较。采用根据图温制定的标准化且针对特定年龄的神经学检查来检测MNDs的存在。特别关注MNDs的严重程度和类型。
与对照组相比，ASD儿童的MNDs发生率显著更高（96.9%对15.6%）：81.3%有单纯MNDs（P<0.0001），15.6%有复杂MNDs（P = 0.053）。ASD组中MNDs的患病率显著高于对照组（P<0.0001）。关于特定类型的MNDs，ASD儿童表现出广泛的精细操作障碍、感觉缺陷和舞蹈样运动障碍。我们还发现存在过多的关联运动以及协调和平衡异常。
研究结果重复了之前的发现，即ASD儿童存在感觉运动行为延迟，这表明产前、产时和新生儿期危险因素在自闭症神经发育理论中起作用。
