Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Center of Experimental Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Child Abuse Negl. 2018 Jun;80:257-267. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.04.003. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
Neurocognitive impairments are commonly observed in adults suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The picture is less clear in adolescents. Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) may have an independent influence on neuropsychological test performance and provide partial explanatory power of the inconsistent findings. We hypothesized that adolescents with PTSD who have also suffered sexual abuse would have most pronounced deficits on neurocognitive testing.
In a cross-sectional design, 105 traumatized South African adolescents, of whom 52 fulfilled criteria of PTSD and 34 reported CSA, were studied. A comprehensive neurocognitive battery including tests of memory, executive functioning, and language was used to analyze the associations of neurocognitive impairments with PTSD and CSA.
Adolescents reporting CSA manifested impairments in proactive and retroactive interference tasks on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning test and in the copy condition of the Rey Osterrieth figure test, indicating deficits in attention and working memory. Against our hypothesis, no independent effects of PTSD were found on neurocognitive performance. Results were independent of comorbid psychiatric diagnoses.
Sexual abuse seems to have an independent influence on attention and working memory. This could be an early sign of hippocampal impairment.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者常伴有神经认知损伤，而青少年患者的情况则不那么明确。童年期性虐待（CSA）可能对神经心理学测试表现有独立影响，并为不一致发现提供部分解释力。我们假设，同时遭受性虐待的 PTSD 青少年在神经认知测试中会表现出最明显的缺陷。
采用横断面设计，对 105 名南非创伤青少年进行研究，其中 52 名符合 PTSD 标准，34 名报告 CSA。使用综合神经认知测试，包括记忆、执行功能和语言测试，分析 CSA 和 PTSD 与神经认知障碍的关联。
报告 CSA 的青少年在 Rey 听觉言语学习测试的前摄和后摄干扰任务以及 Rey-Osterrieth 图形测试的复制条件下表现出注意力和工作记忆缺陷。与我们的假设相反，PTSD 对神经认知表现没有独立影响。结果与合并的精神科诊断无关。
性虐待似乎对注意力和工作记忆有独立影响。这可能是海马损伤的早期迹象。
