Murphy Karly A, Ellison-Barnes Alejandra, Johnson Erica N, Cooper Lisa A
Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 2024 East Monument Street, Suite 2-500, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Osler Medical Residency Training Program, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 1800 Orleans Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2018 May;102(3):521-532. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2017.12.013.
Data from the United States show that persons from low socioeconomic backgrounds, those who are socially isolated, belong to racial or ethnic minority groups, or identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender experience health disparities at a higher rate. Clinicians must transition from a biomedical to a biopsychosocial framework within the clinical examination to better address social determinants of health that contribute to health disparities. We review the characteristics of successful patient-clinician interactions. We describe strategies for relationship-centered care within routine encounters. Our goal is to train clinicians to mitigate differences and reduce disparities in health care delivery.
来自美国的数据表明，社会经济背景较低、社会孤立、属于种族或少数族裔群体，或自我认同为女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋或跨性别者的人，健康差距发生率更高。临床医生必须在临床检查中从生物医学框架转变为生物心理社会框架，以更好地解决导致健康差距的健康社会决定因素。我们回顾了成功的医患互动的特点。我们描述了在常规诊疗过程中以关系为中心的护理策略。我们的目标是培训临床医生减少医疗服务中的差异并缩小差距。
