Thomas Cyril, Didierjean André, Maquestiaux François, Goujon Annabelle
Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, 30 Rue Mégevand, 25030, Besançon, France.
Laboratoire de Psychologie de l'Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2018 Aug;80(6):1420-1435. doi: 10.3758/s13414-018-1519-6.
Since the seminal study by Chun and Jiang (Cognitive Psychology, 36, 28-71, 1998), a large body of research based on the contextual-cueing paradigm has shown that the cognitive system is capable of extracting statistical contingencies from visual environments. Most of these studies have focused on how individuals learn regularities found within an intratrial temporal window: A context predicts the target position within a given trial. However, Ono, Jiang, and Kawahara (Journal of Experimental Psychology, 31, 703-712, 2005) provided evidence of an intertrial implicit-learning effect when a distractor configuration in preceding trials N - 1 predicted the target location in trials N. The aim of the present study was to gain further insight into this effect by examining whether it occurs when predictive relationships are impeded by interfering task-relevant noise (Experiments 2 and 3) or by a long delay (Experiments 1, 4, and 5). Our results replicated the intertrial contextual-cueing effect, which occurred in the condition of temporally close contingencies. However, there was no evidence of integration across long-range spatiotemporal contingencies, suggesting a temporal limitation of statistical learning.
自从Chun和Jiang的开创性研究（《认知心理学》，第36卷，第28 - 71页，1998年）以来，大量基于情境线索范式的研究表明，认知系统能够从视觉环境中提取统计偶发事件。这些研究大多集中在个体如何学习试验内时间窗口内发现的规律：一种情境在给定试验中预测目标位置。然而，Ono、Jiang和Kawahara（《实验心理学杂志》，第31卷，第703 - 712页，2005年）提供了证据，表明在前序试验N - 1中的干扰项配置预测试验N中的目标位置时，存在试验间内隐学习效应。本研究的目的是通过检验当预测关系受到与任务相关的干扰噪声（实验2和3）或长时间延迟（实验1、4和5）阻碍时该效应是否会出现，来进一步深入了解这种效应。我们的结果重复了试验间情境线索效应，该效应发生在时间上紧密偶发事件的条件下。然而，没有证据表明存在跨远距离时空偶发事件的整合，这表明统计学习存在时间限制。
