Buzolich M J, Wiemann J M
Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University of California, San Francisco 94117.
J Speech Hear Res. 1988 Mar;31(1):3-18. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3101.03.
Structural disturbances in conversation and their consequence for the distribution of control between partners were illustrated in a study investigating turn taking in dyads involving speech-handicapped individuals using alternative communication system (augmented or aided communicators) and normally speaking adults (unaided communicators or speakers). The turn-taking system in these atypical conversations differed from normal conversations in several ways. Interactants had to adapt to specific physical constraints on the interaction and compensated for these constraints by using "available" behaviors to signal turn exchanges. Augmented communicators were unsuccessful in interaction management as evidenced in the unaided communicators' unilateral control over them in turn regulation. Augmented communicators were frequently unsuccessful in their attempts to secure speaking turns, whereas unaided communicators were extraordinarily successful as compared with typical conversation. Implications for the understanding of normal and atypical interaction patterns and their relevance to conversational control are discussed.
一项研究展示了对话中的结构干扰及其对伙伴间控制权分配的影响。该研究调查了使用替代沟通系统（增强型或辅助型沟通者）的言语障碍个体与正常说话的成年人（非辅助型沟通者或说话者）组成的二元组中的话轮转换。这些非典型对话中的话轮转换系统在几个方面与正常对话不同。互动者必须适应互动中的特定身体限制，并通过使用“可用”行为来信号话轮交换来补偿这些限制。增强型沟通者在互动管理方面不成功，这在非辅助型沟通者在话轮调节中对他们的单方面控制中得到了证明。增强型沟通者在争取说话轮次的尝试中经常不成功，而与典型对话相比，非辅助型沟通者则非常成功。文中讨论了对理解正常和非典型互动模式及其与对话控制的相关性的启示。
