University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States; The Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Poznan, Poland.
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2018;155:69-83. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.12.002. Epub 2018 Feb 1.
Dwarf mice have been studied for many decades, however, the focus of these studies shifted in 1996 when it was shown by Brown-Borg and her coworkers that Ames dwarf (Prop1) mice are exceptionally long-lived. Since then, Snell dwarf (Pit1) and growth hormone receptor knockout (GHR-KO, a.k.a. Laron dwarf) mice were also shown to be exceptionally long-lived, presumably due to their growth hormone (GH)-deficiency or -resistance, respectively. What is of equal importance in these dwarf mice is their extended health span, that is, these animals have a longer period of life lived free of frailty and age-related diseases. This review article focuses on recent studies conducted in these dwarf mice, which concerned brown and white adipose tissue biology, microRNA (miRNA) profiling, as well as early-life dietary and hormonal interventions. Results of these studies identify novel mechanisms linking reduced GH action with extensions of both life span and health span.
矮小鼠已经被研究了几十年，但在 1996 年，当 Brown-Borg 及其同事证明 Ames 矮小鼠（Prop1）异常长寿时，这些研究的重点发生了转移。从那时起，Snell 矮小鼠（Pit1）和生长激素受体敲除（GHR-KO，也称为 Laron 矮小鼠）也被证明异常长寿，这可能是由于它们的生长激素（GH）缺乏或抵抗。在这些矮小鼠中同样重要的是它们延长的健康寿命，也就是说，这些动物在没有虚弱和与年龄相关的疾病的情况下，有更长的生命期。这篇综述文章主要关注在这些矮小鼠中进行的最新研究，这些研究涉及棕色和白色脂肪组织生物学、microRNA（miRNA）谱以及生命早期的饮食和激素干预。这些研究的结果确定了将降低 GH 作用与延长寿命和健康寿命联系起来的新机制。
