Division of Intensive Care, Dept of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
Both authors contributed equally.
Eur Respir Rev. 2018 Apr 13;27(148). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0101-2017. Print 2018 Jun 30.
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is currently one of the most commonly used support methods in hypoxaemic and hypercapnic acute respiratory failure (ARF). With advancing technology and increasing experience, not only are indications for NIV getting broader, but more severe patients are treated with NIV. Depending on disease type and clinical status, NIV can be applied both in the general ward and in high-dependency/intensive care unit settings with different environmental opportunities. However, it is important to remember that patients with ARF are always very fragile with possible high mortality risk. The delay in recognition of unresponsiveness to NIV, progression of respiratory failure or new-onset complications may result in devastating and fatal outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand that timely action taken according to monitoring variables is one of the key elements for NIV success. The purpose of this review is to outline basic and advanced monitoring techniques for NIV during an ARF episode.
无创通气（NIV）目前是低氧血症和高碳酸血症急性呼吸衰竭（ARF）最常用的支持方法之一。随着技术的进步和经验的增加，NIV 的适应证不仅越来越广泛，而且越来越多的重症患者也接受 NIV 治疗。根据疾病类型和临床状况，NIV 可在普通病房和高依赖/重症监护病房环境中应用，具有不同的环境机会。然而，重要的是要记住，患有 ARF 的患者总是非常脆弱，可能有很高的死亡率风险。对 NIV 无反应、呼吸衰竭进展或新发并发症的认识延迟可能导致灾难性和致命的后果。因此，必须了解，根据监测变量及时采取行动是 NIV 成功的关键因素之一。本文的目的是概述 ARF 发作期间 NIV 的基本和高级监测技术。
