College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China, 430070.
Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, People's Republic of China, 430070.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2019 Jun;11(2):545-558. doi: 10.1007/s12602-018-9409-8.
This study investigated whether Bacillus subtilis can provide protection for grass carp against oxidative stress damage induced by Aeromonas hydrophila. A total of 240 healthy grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) (average weight of 71.42 ± 4.36g) were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates: control group, A. hydrophila group, B. subtilis + A. hydrophila group, and A. hydrophila + B. subtilis group. After challenge with A. hydrophila, the lipid oxidative damage, antioxidant defenses, and the gene expression of inflammatory cytokines of the grass carp were investigated. Our results showed that A. hydrophila caused lipid oxidative damage, led to significant decreases in antioxidant defenses, and induced inflammatory responses of grass carp. However, the grass carp group fed the probiotic B. subtilis diet for 42 days before the challenge and the group fed the probiotic B. subtilis diet immediately after the challenge both showed (i) a reduced level of oxidative stress with a decrease in the level of MDA; (ii) an increase in antioxidant defenses, including an increase in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), increased activities of SOD and CAT, increased levels of GSH, and upregulated gene expression of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and Gpx); and (iii) an improved immune response with the level of antiinflammatory cytokines IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) upregulated and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-8 mRNA downregulated. Based on this study, B. subtilis can provide effective protection of fish against oxidative stress damage induced by A. hydrophila infection.
本研究探讨了枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）是否能为草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）提供保护，使其免受嗜水气单胞菌（Aeromonas hydrophila）诱导的氧化应激损伤。将 240 条健康的草鱼（平均体重 71.42±4.36g）随机分为 4 组，每组 3 个重复：对照组、嗜水气单胞菌组、枯草芽孢杆菌+嗜水气单胞菌组和嗜水气单胞菌+枯草芽孢杆菌组。用嗜水气单胞菌攻毒后，检测了草鱼的脂质氧化损伤、抗氧化防御能力和炎症细胞因子基因表达。结果表明，嗜水气单胞菌导致了草鱼的脂质氧化损伤，显著降低了抗氧化防御能力，并诱导了草鱼的炎症反应。然而，在攻毒前用枯草芽孢杆菌饲料喂养 42 天的草鱼组和在攻毒后立即用枯草芽孢杆菌饲料喂养的草鱼组均表现出：（i）氧化应激水平降低，丙二醛（MDA）水平降低；（ii）抗氧化防御能力增强，包括总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）增加，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加，谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平升高，抗氧化酶（SOD、CAT 和 Gpx）基因表达上调；（iii）免疫反应改善，抗炎细胞因子白细胞介素 10（IL-10）信使 RNA（mRNA）水平上调，促炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素 1β（IL-1β）和白细胞介素 8（IL-8）mRNA 水平下调。基于本研究，枯草芽孢杆菌可为鱼类提供有效保护，使其免受嗜水气单胞菌感染引起的氧化应激损伤。
