Department of Biology & Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mechanical Engineering & Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Department of Mechanical Engineering & Center for Mechanical Technology and Automation (TEMA), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Aquat Toxicol. 2018 Jun;199:199-211. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.04.001. Epub 2018 Apr 4.
The toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is closely related to their physico-chemical characteristics as well as the physico-chemical parameters of the media where CNTs are dispersed. In a climate change scenario, changes in seawater salinity are becoming a topic of concern particularly in estuarine and coastal areas. Nevertheless, to our knowledge no information is available on how salinity shifts may alter the sensitivity (in terms of biochemical responses) of bivalves when exposed to different CNTs. For this reason, a laboratory experiment was performed exposing the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum, one of the most dominant bivalves of the estuarine and coastal lagoon environments, for 28 days to unfunctionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube MWCNTs (Nf-MWCNTs) and carboxylated MWCNTs (f-MWCNTs), maintained at control salinity (28) and low salinity 21. Concentration-dependent toxicity was demonstrated in individuals exposed to both MWCNT materials and under both salinities, generating alterations of energy reserves and metabolism, oxidative status and neurotoxicity compared to non-contaminated clams. Moreover, our results showed greater toxic impacts induced in clams exposed to f-MWCNTs compared to Nf-MWCNTs. In the present study it was also demonstrated how salinity shifts altered the toxicity of both MWCNT materials as well as the sensitivity of R. philippinarum exposed to these contaminates in terms of clam metabolism, oxidative status and neurotoxicity.
碳纳米管 (CNTs) 的毒性与其物理化学特性以及 CNTs 分散的介质的物理化学参数密切相关。在气候变化的情况下，海水盐度的变化正成为人们关注的焦点，特别是在河口和沿海地区。然而，据我们所知，关于盐度变化如何改变双壳类动物在暴露于不同 CNTs 时的敏感性（就生化反应而言），尚无信息。出于这个原因，进行了一项实验室实验，用未功能化多壁碳纳米管 (Nf-MWCNTs) 和羧基化多壁碳纳米管 (f-MWCNTs) 暴露菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum），一种河口和沿海泻湖环境中最占优势的双壳类动物之一，为期 28 天，保持在对照盐度（28）和低盐度 21。暴露于两种 MWCNT 材料的个体表现出浓度依赖性毒性，并且在两种盐度下，与未受污染的蛤相比，产生了能量储备和代谢、氧化状态和神经毒性的改变。此外，我们的结果表明，暴露于 f-MWCNTs 的蛤比暴露于 Nf-MWCNTs 的蛤受到更大的毒性影响。在本研究中，还证明了盐度变化如何改变这两种 MWCNT 材料的毒性，以及 R. philippinarum 暴露于这些污染物时在蛤代谢、氧化状态和神经毒性方面的敏感性。
