Department of Botany, Faculty of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15784 Athens, Greece.
Department of Botany, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Aug 15;157:431-440. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Apr 11.
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an emerging pollutant of environmental concern, classified as "moderately toxic" and "toxic", causing adverse effects on aquatic biota. Although information about BPA toxicity on aquatic fauna is available, the data about BPA effects on aquatic flora remain scarce, missing for marine macrophytes. The effects of environmentally relevant BPA concentrations (ranging from 0.03 to 3 μg L) on juvenile leaf elongation and the cytoskeleton (microtubules, MTs and actin filaments, AFs) were studied in the seagrass Cymodocea nodosa for 1-10 days. The suitability of cytoskeleton disturbance and leaf elongation impairment as "biomarkers" for BPA stress were tested. The highest BPA concentrations (0.3, 0.5, 1 and 3 μg L) affected significantly leaf elongation from the onset of the experiment, while defects of the cytoskeleton were observed even at lower concentrations. In particular, MTs were initially disrupted (i.e. "lowest observed effect concentrations", LOECs) at 0.1 μg L, while AFs were damaged even at 0.03 μg L. AFs appeared thus to be more sensitive to lower BPA concentrations, while there was a correlation between leaf elongation impairment and MT defects. Thus, AF damages, MT disruption and leaf elongation impairment in C. nodosa, in this particular order, appear to be sensitive "biomarkers" of BPA stress, at the above environmentally relevant BPA concentrations.
双酚 A（BPA）是一种新兴的环境污染物，被归类为“中度有毒”和“有毒”，对水生生物群体会产生不利影响。尽管有关 BPA 对水生动物毒性的信息已经存在，但有关 BPA 对水生植物影响的数据仍然很少，海洋大型藻类更是如此。研究了环境相关浓度的 BPA（范围为 0.03 至 3μg/L）对幼年叶片伸长和细胞骨架（微管、微丝和肌动蛋白丝）的影响在海草 C. nodosa 中持续 1-10 天。测试了细胞骨架紊乱和叶片伸长受损作为 BPA 应激的“生物标志物”的适用性。最高 BPA 浓度（0.3、0.5、1 和 3μg/L）从实验开始就显著影响叶片伸长，而在较低浓度下也观察到细胞骨架缺陷。特别是，微管最初被破坏（即“最低观察到的效应浓度”，LOECs）在 0.1μg/L 时，而肌动蛋白丝甚至在 0.03μg/L 时就已受损。因此，肌动蛋白丝似乎对较低的 BPA 浓度更敏感，而叶片伸长受损与微管缺陷之间存在相关性。因此，在上述环境相关的 BPA 浓度下，C. nodosa 中的肌动蛋白丝损伤、微管破坏和叶片伸长受损似乎是敏感的“生物标志物”。
