Wang Haolun, Lin Sen, Yang Shen, Yang Xudong, Song Jianan, Wang Dong, Wang Haiyang, Liu Zhenglian, Li Bo, Fang Minghao, Wang Ning, Wu Hui
State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.
State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Small. 2018 May;14(19):e1800258. doi: 10.1002/smll.201800258. Epub 2018 Apr 14.
Particulate matter (PM) is a major air pollutant in many regions, jeopardizing ecosystems and public health. Filtration at pollutant source is one of the most important ways to protect the environment, however, considering the high-temperature exhaust gas emissions, effective removal of PM and related pollutants from their sources remains a major challenge. In this study, a resilient, heat-resisting, and high-efficiency PM filter based on yttria-stabilized ZrO (YSZ) nanofiber sponge produced with a scalable solution blow spinning process is reported. The porous 3D sponge composed of YSZ nanofibers is lightweight (density of 20 mg cm ) and resilient at both room temperature and high temperatures. At room-temperature conditions, the YSZ nanofiber sponge exhibits 99.4% filtration efficiency for aerosol particles with size in the range of 20-600 nm, associated with a low pressure drop of only 57 Pa under an airflow velocity of 4.8 cm s . At a high temperature of 750 °C, the ceramic sponge maintains a high filtration efficiency of 99.97% for PM under a high airflow velocity of 10 cm s . A practical vehicle exhaust filter to capture particles with filtration efficiency of >98.3% is also assembled. Hence, the YSZ nanofiber sponge has enormous potential to be applied in industry.
颗粒物（PM）是许多地区的主要空气污染物，危害生态系统和公众健康。在污染源进行过滤是保护环境的最重要方式之一，然而，考虑到高温废气排放，从源头有效去除PM及相关污染物仍然是一项重大挑战。在本研究中，报道了一种基于氧化钇稳定的ZrO（YSZ）纳米纤维海绵的弹性、耐热且高效的PM过滤器，该过滤器通过可扩展的溶液吹纺工艺制备。由YSZ纳米纤维组成的多孔三维海绵重量轻（密度为20 mg/cm³），在室温和高温下均具有弹性。在室温条件下，YSZ纳米纤维海绵对尺寸在20 - 600 nm范围内的气溶胶颗粒的过滤效率为99.4%，在气流速度为4.8 cm/s时，压力降仅为57 Pa。在750°C的高温下，陶瓷海绵在10 cm/s的高气流速度下对PM仍保持99.97%的高过滤效率。还组装了一个实际的车辆尾气过滤器，其捕集颗粒的过滤效率>98.3%。因此，YSZ纳米纤维海绵在工业应用中具有巨大潜力。
