Cantos-Barreda Ana, Escribano Damián, Cerón José J, Tecles Fernando, Bernal Luis J, Martínez-Subiela Silvia
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis, Interlab-UMU, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2018 Apr 30;254:135-141. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.03.014. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible changes in the concentration of anti-Leishmania antibodies in saliva samples from dogs with clinical leishmaniosis after short-term treatment. Twenty dogs with clinical signs and laboratory abnormalities compatible with canine leishmaniosis (CanL) were diagnosed and treated with a standard antimonial plus allopurinol therapy. The concentration of anti-Leishmania IgG2 and IgA antibodies in saliva was measured at the time of diagnosis (day 0) and after treatment (day 30) by time-resolved immunofluorometric assays (TR-IFMAs) and results were compared with those of serum. In addition, correlations between antibody concentrations in saliva and serum, clinical scores and selected laboratory analytes were calculated. TR-IFMA results were expressed as Units of Fluorometry for Leishmania (UFL). Most dogs that adequately responded to treatment (n = 17) showed a reduction of anti-Leishmania antibodies in saliva [median IgG2: from 678.0 (day 0) to 201.1 UFL (day 30), p < 0.0001; median IgA: from 91.3 (day 0) to 60.2 UFL (day 30), p < 0.01] in accordance with clinical improvement (p < 0.0001). However, two of these dogs showed an increase of anti-Leishmania antibodies in saliva. Among dogs that did not improve after one month of treatment (n = 3), two showed a reduction in serum and saliva antibodies. In these two dogs, clinical recovery was achieved after one additional month of treatment with allopurinol. The other dog that did not respond to treatment showed increases in the concentration of anti-Leishmania antibodies, both in saliva and serum, and did not adequately respond to an additional month of treatment with allopurinol. From this pilot study, it could be concluded that, despite the low number of dogs used, the measurement of anti-Leishmania IgG2 and IgA antibodies in saliva could have a potential use for treatment monitoring of CanL, provided that a sufficient amount of specific antibodies is present at diagnosis. This is because, especially in the case of IgG2, there is a high correlation between the saliva and serum concentrations, and the reduction of antibodies is generally in accordance with the clinical improvement. Further long-term studies with a larger population should be undertaken to confirm this potential.
本研究的目的是评估短期治疗后患有临床利什曼病的犬只唾液样本中抗利什曼原虫抗体浓度的可能变化。20只出现与犬利什曼病（CanL）相符的临床症状和实验室异常的犬只被诊断出来，并接受了标准的锑剂加别嘌呤醇治疗。在诊断时（第0天）和治疗后（第30天），通过时间分辨免疫荧光分析法（TR-IFMAs）测量唾液中抗利什曼原虫IgG2和IgA抗体的浓度，并将结果与血清中的结果进行比较。此外，还计算了唾液和血清中抗体浓度、临床评分与选定实验室分析物之间的相关性。TR-IFMA结果以利什曼原虫荧光测定单位（UFL）表示。大多数对治疗有充分反应的犬只（n = 17）唾液中抗利什曼原虫抗体减少[IgG2中位数：从678.0（第0天）降至201.1 UFL（第30天），p < 0.0001；IgA中位数：从91.3（第0天）降至60.2 UFL（第30天），p < 0.01]，与临床改善情况相符（p < 0.0001）。然而，其中两只犬只唾液中抗利什曼原虫抗体增加。在治疗一个月后未改善的犬只（n = 3）中，两只犬只血清和唾液中的抗体减少。在这两只犬只中，在额外接受一个月别嘌呤醇治疗后实现了临床康复。另一只对治疗无反应的犬只唾液和血清中抗利什曼原虫抗体浓度均增加，并且对额外一个月的别嘌呤醇治疗反应不佳。从这项初步研究可以得出结论，尽管使用的犬只数量较少，但只要在诊断时存在足够量的特异性抗体，唾液中抗利什曼原虫IgG2和IgA抗体的测量对于CanL的治疗监测可能具有潜在用途。这是因为，特别是在IgG2的情况下，唾液和血清浓度之间存在高度相关性，并且抗体的减少通常与临床改善情况相符。应进行进一步的长期研究，纳入更多犬只以证实这一潜力。
