Singh Ankita, Sreedhar Gadiputi, George Jiji, Shukla Abhilasha, Vashishta Vaibhav, Negi M P S
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Babu Banarasi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Sardar Patel Post Graduate Institute of Dental and Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Forensic Dent Sci. 2017 Sep-Dec;9(3):120-124. doi: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_61_16.
Gender is one of the main characteristics analyzed for positive human identification in forensic medicine. The methods involving physical anthropology present high rate of accuracy for human identification and gender estimation.
This study aimed to determine gender through different craniofacial variables using physical anthropometric methods.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females) in Lucknow. Variables studied through physical anthropometry in both the genders were facial height, nasion-to-menton distance, interzygomatic arch width, and intercanthal width using a digital sliding caliper. All the measurements were taken twice. The final value was the average of the two obtained values.
Comparing the mean craniofacial features between two genders, -test revealed significantly higher facial height, pronasale-to-menton distance, and interzygomatic width in males as compared to females, but the mean intercanthal width was found to be the same. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between facial height and pronasale-to-menton distance, facial height and interzygomatic width, pronasale-to-menton distance and interzygomatic width, and interzygomatic width and intercanthal width.
The craniofacial features may serve as diagnostic markers for gender identification and can be used interchangeably.
性别是法医学中进行人类阳性身份鉴定时分析的主要特征之一。涉及体质人类学的方法在人类身份鉴定和性别估计方面具有很高的准确率。
本研究旨在通过体质人类学方法，利用不同的颅面变量来确定性别。
在勒克瑙对100名个体（50名男性和50名女性）进行了一项横断面研究。使用数字游标卡尺通过体质人类学方法对两性研究的变量包括面部高度、鼻根至颏下距离、颧弓间宽度和内眦间宽度。所有测量均进行两次。最终值为两次所得值的平均值。
比较两性之间的平均颅面特征，t检验显示男性的面部高度、鼻前点至颏下距离和颧弓间宽度显著高于女性，但发现平均内眦间宽度相同。Pearson相关性分析显示面部高度与鼻前点至颏下距离、面部高度与颧弓间宽度、鼻前点至颏下距离与颧弓间宽度以及颧弓间宽度与内眦间宽度之间呈正相关。
颅面特征可作为性别鉴定的诊断标志物，且可相互替代使用。
