Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Nutr. 2018 Apr 1;148(4):518-525. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxx074.
Although 7 million copies of Eat Right 4 Your Type have been sold in >60 languages, there has been a lack of evidence supporting the "blood-type" diet hypothesis.
The present study aimed to examine the validity of this diet in overweight adults.
A total of 973 adults [mean ± SEM age: 44.6 ± 0.4 y; mean ± SEM body mass index (BMI; kg/m2): 32.5 ± 0.2; 758 women, 215 men] were participants of the Toronto Healthy Diet Study. A 1-mo, 196-item food-frequency questionnaire was used to determine dietary intakes before and after a 6-mo dietary intervention. Diet scores were calculated to determine relative adherence to each of the 4 blood-type diets as a secondary analysis. ABO blood group was determined by genotyping rs8176719 and rs8176746. ANCOVA was used to compare cardiometabolic risk factors across tertiles of diet scores.
At baseline, individuals with a higher adherence score to the type A diet had lower diastolic blood pressure (tertile 3 compared with tertile 1: 70.9 ± 1.1 compared with 73.3 ± 1.1 mm Hg; P < 0.01). Lower waist circumference was observed in individuals with higher adherence to the type B (tertile 3 compared with tertile 1: 100.8 ± 1.8 compared with 105.4 ± 1.7 cm; P < 0.01) and type AB (tertile 3 compared with tertile 1: 101.2 ± 1.8 compared with 104.8 ± 1.7 cm; P < 0.01) diets. After a 6-mo dietary intervention, individuals with increased adherence to the type A and type B diets had greater reductions in BMI and waist circumference, respectively (P < 0.01). Individuals with an increase in type O diet adherence showed decreases in both BMI and waist circumference (P < 0.01). However, matching the diets with the corresponding ABO genotype of each individual did not change the effect size of any of these associations either at baseline or at 6 mo.
ABO genotype does not modify any association between blood-type diets and biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease in overweight adults, suggesting that the theory behind this diet is not valid This study was based on the data of a trial that was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00516620.
尽管《吃对你的血型》一书已被翻译成 60 多种语言，销量超过 700 万册，但“血型”饮食假说仍缺乏证据支持。
本研究旨在检验这种饮食法在超重成年人中的有效性。
共纳入 973 名成年人（平均年龄 ± 标准差：44.6 ± 0.4 岁；平均体重指数 ± 标准差：32.5 ± 0.2；女性 758 名，男性 215 名）参加多伦多健康饮食研究。采用为期 1 个月的 196 项食物频率问卷来确定膳食摄入量，然后进行为期 6 个月的饮食干预。作为二次分析，计算饮食评分以确定对 4 种血型饮食的相对依从性。ABO 血型通过基因分型 rs8176719 和 rs8176746 确定。采用协方差分析比较不同饮食评分三分位数的心血管代谢风险因素。
在基线时，A型饮食依从性得分较高的个体舒张压较低（三分位 3 与三分位 1 相比：70.9 ± 1.1 与 73.3 ± 1.1mmHg；P＜0.01）。较高的 B 型（三分位 3 与三分位 1 相比：100.8 ± 1.8 与 105.4 ± 1.7cm；P＜0.01）和 AB 型（三分位 3 与三分位 1 相比：101.2 ± 1.8 与 104.8 ± 1.7cm；P＜0.01）饮食依从性得分较高的个体腰围较小。经过 6 个月的饮食干预，A型和 B 型饮食依从性增加的个体，体重指数和腰围分别有较大降幅（P＜0.01）。O 型饮食依从性增加的个体，体重指数和腰围均有下降（P＜0.01）。然而，将饮食与个体的相应 ABO 基因型相匹配，无论是在基线还是在 6 个月时，都没有改变这些关联的任何效应大小。
ABO 基因型不能改变超重成年人中血型饮食与心血管代谢疾病生物标志物之间的任何关联，表明这种饮食背后的理论是无效的。本研究基于一项试验的数据，该试验在 www.clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT00516620。
