癌症患者的毛发疾病。
Hair disorders in patients with cancer.
机构信息
Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
The Ronald O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
出版信息
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019 May;80(5):1179-1196. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.055. Epub 2018 Apr 14.
Cytotoxic chemotherapies, molecularly targeted therapies, immunotherapies, radiotherapy, stem cell transplants, and endocrine therapies may lead to hair disorders, including alopecia, hirsutism, hypertrichosis, and pigmentary and textural hair changes. The mechanisms underlying these changes are varied and remain incompletely understood, hampering the development of preventive or therapeutic guidelines. The psychosocial impact of chemotherapy-induced alopecia has been well documented primarily in the oncology literature; however, the effect of other alterations, such as radiation-induced alopecia, hirsutism, and changes in hair color or texture on quality of life have not been described. This article reviews clinically significant therapy-related hair disorders in oncology patients, including the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, severity grading scales, patient-reported quality of life questionnaires, management strategies, and future translational research opportunities.
细胞毒性化疗药物、分子靶向治疗药物、免疫治疗药物、放射治疗、干细胞移植和内分泌治疗可能导致毛发疾病，包括脱发、多毛症、毛发过度生长、色素和质地毛发改变。这些变化的机制多种多样，仍不完全清楚，这阻碍了预防或治疗指南的制定。化疗引起的脱发的心理社会影响主要在肿瘤学文献中得到了很好的记录；然而，其他改变，如放射引起的脱发、多毛症以及头发颜色或质地的改变对生活质量的影响尚未描述。本文综述了肿瘤患者中临床上显著的与治疗相关的毛发疾病，包括潜在的病理生理机制、严重程度分级量表、患者报告的生活质量问卷、管理策略和未来的转化研究机会。
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