University of California, Davis.
The Pennsylvania State University.
Child Dev. 2018 May;89(3):687-697. doi: 10.1111/cdev.13073. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
Multiple and rapid changes in brain development occur in infancy and early childhood that undergird behavioral development in core domains. The period of adolescence also carries a second influx of growth and change in the brain to support the unique developmental tasks of adolescence. This special section documents two core conclusions from multiple studies. First, evidence for change in brain-based metrics that underlie cognitive and behavioral functions are not limited to narrow windows in development, but are evident from infancy into early adulthood. Second, the specific evident changes are unique to challenges and goals that are salient for a respective developmental period. These brain-based changes interface with environmental inputs, whether from the child's broader ecology or at an individual level.
在婴儿期和幼儿期，大脑发育会发生多次快速变化，为核心领域的行为发展提供基础。青春期也是大脑第二次快速生长和变化的时期，以支持青春期独特的发展任务。本专题从多项研究中得出了两个核心结论。第一，支持认知和行为功能的基于大脑的度量标准的变化证据不仅限于发展的狭窄窗口，而且从婴儿期到成年早期都很明显。第二，具体的明显变化是各自发展阶段的挑战和目标所特有的。这些基于大脑的变化与环境输入相互作用，无论是来自儿童更广泛的生态系统还是个体层面。
