Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths University of London, UK.
Laboratory of Psychology & MSHE, University of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, France.
Br J Psychol. 2018 Nov;109(4):850-861. doi: 10.1111/bjop.12306. Epub 2018 Apr 17.
When faced with a difficult question, people sometimes work out an answer to a related, easier question without realizing that a substitution has taken place (e.g., Kahneman, 2011, Thinking, fast and slow. New York, Farrar, Strauss, Giroux). In two experiments, we investigated whether this attribute substitution effect can also affect the interpretation of a simple visual event sequence. We used a magic trick called the 'Flushtration Count Illusion', which involves a technique used by magicians to give the illusion of having seen multiple cards with identical backs, when in fact only the back of one card (the bottom card) is repeatedly shown. In Experiment 1, we demonstrated that most participants are susceptible to the illusion, even if they have the visual and analytical reasoning capacity to correctly process the sequence. In Experiment 2, we demonstrated that participants construct a biased and simplified representation of the Flushtration Count by substituting some attributes of the event sequence. We discussed of the psychological processes underlying this attribute substitution effect.
当面对一个困难的问题时，人们有时会在没有意识到替代已经发生的情况下，解决一个相关但更简单的问题（例如，Kahneman，2011，Thinking，fast and slow. New York，Farrar，Strauss，Giroux）。在两个实验中，我们研究了这种属性替代效应是否也会影响对简单视觉事件序列的解释。我们使用了一种名为“Flushration Count 错觉”的魔术技巧，它涉及魔术师用来制造多次看到相同背面的卡片的错觉的技术，而实际上只显示了一张卡片的背面（最下面的卡片）。在实验 1 中，我们表明，即使参与者具有正确处理序列的视觉和分析推理能力，大多数参与者仍然容易受到错觉的影响。在实验 2 中，我们表明，参与者通过替换事件序列的某些属性来构建 Flushtration Count 的有偏差和简化的表示。我们讨论了这种属性替代效应背后的心理过程。
