Szemik Szymon, Kowlaska Małgorzata, Kulik Halina
Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Nursing Propaedeutics, School of Health Sciences
Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine
Przegl Epidemiol. 2018;72(1):87-98.
Socio-economic factors, including occupational activity and unemployment, are the most significant determinants of the quality of life.
The epidemiological cross-sectional study was carried out among young inhabitants aged 25-44 years living in the Silesian voivodeship. The aim of the presented study was to assess and identify factors that determine the quality of life, self-assessed health status and chronic diseases, mainly including the determinants relating to occupational activity and unemployment. A short version of the WHOQOLBREF questionnaire was used to ascertain the quality of life of individuals.
The study examined 602 inhabitants of the Silesian voivodeship: 502 occupationally active persons and 100 registered as unemployed in the District Employment Bureau located in Katowice. The ‘unemployed’ had a better quality of life in somatic and psychological domain. Moreover, respondents who were unsatisfied with their job had the quality of life in all domains poorer than the ‘unemployed’. Furthermore, the poor quality of life among the occupationally active persons was correlated with the lack of physical activity, low degree of job satisfaction, low average income and low education level. Then, the poor quality of life among the ‘unemployed’ was correlated mainly with bad financial standing and low satisfaction of personal relationships.
The obtained results confirmed that the level of quality of life and health status of the young inhabitants of the Silesian voivodeship significantly depends on work conditions. The observation indicating better health status and quality of life among unemployed should be extended by detailed identification study to determine its underlying factors
社会经济因素，包括职业活动和失业，是生活质量的最重要决定因素。
对居住在西里西亚省的25 - 44岁年轻居民进行了流行病学横断面研究。本研究的目的是评估和确定决定生活质量、自我评估健康状况和慢性病的因素，主要包括与职业活动和失业相关的决定因素。使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOLBREF）来确定个体的生活质量。
该研究调查了西里西亚省的602名居民：502名有职业活动的人和100名在位于卡托维兹的地区就业局登记失业的人。“失业者”在身体和心理领域的生活质量更好。此外，对工作不满意的受访者在所有领域的生活质量都比“失业者”差。此外，有职业活动的人的低生活质量与缺乏体育活动、工作满意度低、平均收入低和教育水平低相关。然后，“失业者”的低生活质量主要与经济状况差和个人关系满意度低相关。
获得的结果证实，西里西亚省年轻居民的生活质量和健康状况水平显著取决于工作条件。关于失业者健康状况和生活质量更好的观察结果应通过详细的识别研究加以扩展，以确定其潜在因素。
